53 Spanish Names for Fruits

53 Spanish Names for Fruits Are you planning on traveling Spanish-speaking country near the equator and want to enjoy tropical fruits? If you do, or if you plan on shopping at any place Spanish is spoken, this list of Spanish words for fruits will come in handy. Fruit Names in Spanish A-G apple - la manzanaapricot - el damasco, el albericoqueavocado - el aguacatebanana - el pltano, la bananablackberry - la mora, la zarzamorablackcurrant - la grosella negrablueberry - el arndanocamu camu - el camu camucantaloupe - el cantalupocherimoya - la chirimoyacherry - la cerezacitron - el cidro, el citrà ³n, la toronjacoconut - el cococucumber - el pepinocranberry - el arndanodate - el dtilfig - el higogalia - el melà ³n galiagooseberry - la grosella espinosagrape - la uva (A dried grape or raisin is una pasa or una uva pasa.)grapefruit - el pomelo, la toronjaguarana - la fruta de guaran Fruit Names in Spanish H-Z honeydew melon - el melà ³n tunahuckleberry - el arndanokiwi - el kiwikumquat - el kinotolemon - el limà ³nlime - la lima, el limà ³nloganberry - la zarza, la frambuesalychee - la lichimandarin - la mandarinamango - el mangomelon - el melà ³nmulberry - la moranaranjilla - la naranjilla, el lulonectarine - la nectarinaolive - la oliva, la aceitunaorange - la naranjapapaya - la papayapassionfruit - la maracuy, la parcha, la fruta de pasià ³npeach - el durazno, el melocotà ³npear - la perapersimmon - el caquipineapple - la pià ±a, el ananplantain - el pltanoplum - la ciruelapomegranate - la granadaprickly pear - la tuna, el higo chumboquince - el membrilloraspberry - la frambuesastrawberry - la fresa, la frutillatamarind - el tamarindotangerine - la mandarina, la tangerinatomatillo - el tomatillotomato - el tomatewatermelon - la sandà ­a Many fruits have local or regional names that may not be understood outside the area. Also, the English and Spanish words for particular fruits may not always be an exact match, sometimes because two similar species of fruits may share a name. For example, what is known as un arndano in Spanish goes by several different names in English, such as huckleberry, bilberry, blueberry, and cranberry. One common source of confusion is that a limà ³n can refer to a lemon or a lime depending on the region. The names of many fruits are similar in English and Spanish, either because they have a common origin (such as from Latin) or because the English borrowed a fruit name from Spanish.The trees or other plants that produce sometimes have distinctive names related to the name of the fruit.Some fruits have names that are understood only in certain localities. Common Foods Made With Fruit apple cider - la sidra sin alcoholapple crisp, apple crumble - el crujiente de manzanaapple pie - el pastel de manzanacompote - la compotafruitcake - el pastel de frutafruit cocktail - el cà ³ctel de frutasfruit salad - la ensalada de frutassjam - la marmeladajuice - el jugo, el zumopeach cobbler - el pastel de durazno, tarta de duraznostrawberry sundae - el sundae de fresa, el helado con fresas Fruit Names English and Spanish Share English and Spanish share the names of various  fruits for one of two reasons. Either the English name came from Spanish, or English and Spanish gained the name from a common source. There are no fruits on this list in which the Spanish derived from English, although its likely that kiwi, a word from Maori, was adopted because of U.S. English influence. Here are etymologies of several Spanish-derived fruit names we use in English: papaya - Spanish picked up papaya from Arawak, an indigenous language of the West Indies, and it spread to English via the shipping industry.pear - The English name for the fruit comes from the Latin pera, which is also what its called in Spanish.plantain - Plantain has two meanings - a fruit similar to a banana and a type of flat-leaved weed. Both are called pltano in Spanish. The words with the first meaning probably came to us via Spanish, which picked up the word from the West Indies, while the word with the second meaning came indirectly from Greek.tomatillo - Tomatillo in Spanish is tomate with the diminutive suffix -illo. Other Spanish food words using this suffix include tortilla (omelette or tortilla, from torta, cake), mantequilla (butter, from manteca, lard or some types of butter), and bolillo (bread roll, related to bola, ball).tomato - At one time, the tomato was called a tomate in English, the same as its Spanish name. The Spanish in turn came from Nahuatl, an in digenous Mexican language, which used the word tomatl. The tl ending is very common noun ending in Nahuatl. Sources for some of the other fruit names include Italian (cantalupo and cantaloupe), Latin (pera and pear), and Arabic (naranja and orange). Words for Fruit-Producing Plants Although the words for tree and bush are rbol and arbusto, respectively, many of them that produce fruit have names related to the name of the fruit. Here are some of them: apple tree - el manzanoblackberry bush - la zarzacherry tree - el cerezograpevine - la vid, la parralemon tree - el limoneroorange tree - el naranjopear tree - el peraltomato vine - la rama de tomate

Australian Government essays

Australian Government essays The most important objective for Australia is that we must generate wealth, but also to share it equally. If we become a society which is wealthy but very unfair, the gap between the rich and poor will grow to mammoth proportions. It is well established that an economic imbalance in society leads to social consequences which are economically and socially draining on society. In the 21st century its wise to devise economic and social policies which ensure a productive society is fair, this is what the labour party hopes to achieve. Governments, as the elected economic and social representatives of the people, are responsible for determining and pursuing the economic and social objectives of the nation. To effectively accomplish this, governments rely on macroeconomic policies such as fiscal policies, monetary policies and prices and income policies which all aim to achieve a state of internal and external balance within the nations economy. This internal balance can be defined as a rate of economic growth which is compatible with full employment and minimal inflation.# Whilst its counterpart, external balance, can be defined as a situation where a nation can meet its financial obligations to the rest of the world at the same time as maintaining its currency with a stable international value which reflects the economic performance of the economy.# Based on these tactics for dictating the economy, the upcoming election can be taken into view. Whilst at this stage, the popularity polls dictate that it is to early and to close to call as to who will win, it is the firm belief of this correspondent that the Labour party is by far the superior candidate and will take victory in the next election. When looking at fiscal and monetary policies of both Liberal and Labour parties, the primary difference can be seen in their stance on Health, Education, Industrial relations, Privatization and foreign affairs (to an extent) and general ...

A report evaluating the processes, methods and outcomes of a website Essay

A report evaluating the processes, methods and outcomes of a website created for Autistic people - Essay Example At present, there are very few websites for those with ASD. However, there are a lot of websites, books, journals and articles which target people who have to deal with ASD patients like teachers, parents employers etc. Objective To agree on the requirements of those with autism spectrum disorder and determine what elements must be present in a fully-functioning, educational website, the objectives to determine if the website is working are: Present the developmental requirements of autism patients. Autistic people develop at different rates and in different ways as opposed to those who do not suffer from ASD (National Autistic Society, 2010). To find out how those with ASD feel about the internet. Do they feel comfortable browsing website and talking in online chat rooms? How would Human-Computer Interaction or user interfaces will affect autistic people? Rationale As mentioned above there are currently a few, known websites that deal with autistic people directly. This made the res earch very hard as it would have been easier to look at other websites aimed directly to them and see how they have used human computer interface to design the look of the website. However, to find the information needed, research had to be done published materials of writers and professionals dealing with the autistic disease communication as well as evaluate websites that are already up and running. The research conducted was at first to list the basic activities a person does on a day to day basis and then to find out how ASD patients handle these situations. It will also try to seek out how the ASD individuals seek support from websites. The main purpose of this project is to make sure that people with ASD and related disorders can live together in a society where no one is isolated. The rest of this report will evaluate the research that was done, the methodology used to create the website, the results where the whole product will be evaluated and finally the conclusion. Resear ch Implementing the product was based on the research that had been carried out during the initial part of the project. The means of research included books, websites, journals and information from professionals within the field of autism. There were two parts of research done. The first part of the research was based on the behaviour, activity and general responses that ASD patients show. The second part of the research is about the way the website was going to be built; the design and how the website was going to be populated. ASD patient research To first process to learn about ASD patients was to ask major organisations within the UK for basic information such as the National Autistic Society and Autism UK. However, they could not provide the relevant information needed that directly was aimed at autistic people (Appendix A.1). To overcome this obstacle, research was carried out through books and interviews with notable people who deal with autistic people (Appendix A.2). At fir st it was hard researching, as it was something new, but after undertaking the Research Report, researching now was something familiar and quite enjoyable as a lot of time was used just on researching in the field of autism. Using this information, it was easy to apply to autistic people. The website now had information that is useful for the autistic

History Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

History Discussion - Research Paper Example Rule by a central government is seen to be effective as it will give the nation great power in making crucial decision such as going to war or how government finances should be distributed. This is seen due to the fact that there are less bureaucratic processes in dealing with when dealing with a centralized government than when dealing with a devolved government. Ratification of this constitution across all states is seen to be important as this will greatly increase the geographical size of the nation and also encourage the joining of new states. Having a large nation in terms of geographical size is seen to be important as these increases the quantity resources available in the country (Maier.1998). This will also increase the variety of resources which are available in the country as a resource not found in a particular state can be found in another. The availability of a wide range of resources is bound to affect the economic growth of the nation positively in that this will enable the production of a wide range of goods. This will lead to the steady rise in the economy of the country with the nation likely to be able to produce all goods needed by its citizens. Moreover, the ability to produce excess goods will be important as this will encourage trade with other countries thus resulting in further economic growth within the nation. The ratification of this constitution will thus spur fast economic growth across the country. Ratification of the constitution will also be helpful in ensuring the equal growth of all areas across the nation will give the central government an opportunity to be able to help out the states which cannot grow fast enough due to lack of resources. The ratification of this constitution is thus bound to increase national loyalty and change the way Americans think of each other. This will encourage citizens to view each other as brothers’ thus encouraging people to look for opportunities beyond

ABA Therapy Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

ABA Therapy - Research Proposal Example The will examine methods of controlling autism. The methods examined will include Applied behavioral Analysis, Discrete Trial Training, Functional Communication training, Pivotal response Training, Antecedent based interventions and Parental Implemented intervention. Most of the literature review papers advocate for evidence-based approaches and emphasize on the engagement of a qualified Therapist to a control Autism. However, a meta-analysis will not be possible due to lack of comparable inclusion and characterization criteria. Even so, it will be imperative that we engage the services of a qualified ABA therapist and, for this reason donor funds will be required. The use of ABA therapy is an evidence-based method of controlling autism and is highly recommended. Autism is a neurological disorder that has that has posed a lot of challenges in finding effective ways of control irrespective of the economic state or geographical location of the victims (Hilsen, 2012). Research has not clearly proven the causes of autism though it is likely that autism is caused by genetic and environmental factors. Recent data by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention has indicated that cases for autism have risen to 1 in every 110 American children. This rate translates to one in every 70 boys and 1 in every 315 ladies. However, there is a concern that only a small percentage of this population has been actually diagnosed with this condition. The Autism Society of America has estimated that over the life of an autism patient, an average of 3.5 million dollars to 5 million dollars is used towards care research, insurance among other costs (Johnson, 2013). Measured in terms of lost productivity and caregiving costs, autism costs America over 90 billion do llars annually. Even though this has been a prevailing problem in the society at large, my attention was drawn to it after I was attached at Mercy Kids Rehab Laredo, Texas. Parents whose children suffer

The Changes To The Youth Justice System

The Changes To The Youth Justice System there have been many changes to the youth justice system over the years, having varying effects on youth crime. To discuss whether this statement is true or not, we must look at the many government legislations and initiatives that have tried to lower crime. The twentieth century has seen a huge array of moral panics (defined as an over exaggerated response to a problem, justified or not) due to many social changes, such as alcohol, drugs, pop culture, football, music, film, television and video games; these are all seen as causes to youth crime. The moral panic began with the Mods and Rockers who had expressive subcultures during the 1960s which led to skinheads, lager louts, yob culture, football hooligans, rave culture and todays young offenders and anti social behaviour. The 1970s brought more emphasis on the individuals responsibility, the 1980s brought corporatism where justice specialists had a greater influence on policies and in the 1990s where youth crime has been heavily f eatured in the media and there has been the recognition of sub-criminal activity such as anti-social behaviour. Youths have been seen as out of control in the twenty-first century because of societies strong sense of morality but this has weakened for young people, young people these days are constantly looking for fun and excitement, but youth crime cannot be labelled as a moral panic, according to the Telegraph  [1]  from 2005 to 2008, The number of under-18s convicted or cautioned over violent offences rose from 17,590 to 24,102 which is an increase of 37 per cent, however it could be argued that newspapers such as this are fuelling moral panics. The main changes to the youth justice system began with Labours win in 1997, but the system does have a history. The view on youth justice has changed dramatically since the beginning of the 19h century where children were treated as adults in court, the Reformatory Schools Act 1854 created special institutions to reform children in need of care through education; this was the first major legislation towards tackling youth crime. In 1908 The Children Act was passed which abolished imprisonment of juveniles and separated juveniles from adults and began a more welfare based approach to youth crime, juvenile delinquency had started to rise by the First World War and was seen as a problem, A social commentator in 1917 stated their vulgarity and silliness and the distorted, unreal Americanised view of life must have a deteriorating effect and lead to the formation of false ideals, (cited in Muncie 1999:50)  [2]  . The Children and Young Persons Act 1933 then defined a child to be unde r the age of 14 and a young person between the ages 14 and 18, children under the age of 10 were deemed incapable of doing wrong and exempt from prosecution, this is known as doli incapax and it created a panel of magistrates to deal with youth cases, it also created loco parentis where the courts could act for the parent. During 1948 detention centres were formed, a very early version of todays young offenders institutes and was a more punitive approach. Then came the Young Persons Act in 1969 was an important act and made many changes, it gave a bigger emphasis on the social worker and proposed that offenders under the age of 14 with care instead of punishment, police were also made to make use of cautions, however afterwards, the act was criticised for being too soft as rates of crime began to rise. Because of its many flaws, The Criminal Justice Act 1982 and restricted the use of care and custodial orders, Borstals were replaced with fixed term youth custody orders, new sentence s were created and abolished numerous times afterwards until the Criminal Justice Act 1988 which rid youth custody and replaced it with detention in youth offender institutes. The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 brought secure training for those aged 12 to 15, The Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 extended community sentences and introduced tagging. Cautioning was revised in the Criminal Justice Act 1998 which restricted the use of reprimands and warnings. Before 1997 figures show that approximately 70% of all crimes were committed by a small number of young men and so with Labours win in 1997, their overhaul of the youth justice system had 3 objectives to deal with Prevent youngsters from falling in to crime, provide the criminal justice system with more sentencing choices and focus sentencing on preventing repeat offending  [3]  . Those aged under 18 are sentenced differently from adults as the criminal justice system believe that they are less responsible for their action s than adults and that sentencing should be used for reform as well as/or instead of punishment, this did change however with the killing of James Bulger by two 10 year old boys in 1993 where the murder was so violent they were tried in an adult court. The case caused a huge nationwide debate on how to handle young offenders; much of this was fuelled by the media. The government began its reform with the 1998 white paper No more excuses A new Approach to Tackling Youth Crime in England and Wales this in turn lead to The Crime and Disorder Act 1998 which included: The Youth Justice Board for England and Wales to deal with young offenders and reduce reoffending, the Youth Justice Service for local authorities to tackle crime, Youth Offending Teams which included members from probation, social services, police etc., anti-social behaviour orders, new community orders, local child curfew and others, although this act did cover punishment, welfare, action plans, objectives and performanc e reviews, it has been widely criticised for being too harsh with parenting orders, curfews and ASBOs. There is a clash between ASBOs which exclude offenders and the Youth Offending Teams which has a more inclusionist approach. There have been concerns that most of these efforts do not tackle the root causes of crime nor do they influence good behaviour in youths. However this act has many advantages, there is a strong emphasis on the welfare of the child such as the early intervention and focus on parenting and the parents responsibility to the child, the emphasis on restorative justice illustrates the persistence of welfare principles and the act has led to greater funding for the youth justice system  [4]  .The Home Office website lists the main causes of youth crime as troubled home life poor attainment at school, truancy and school exclusion, drug or alcohol misuse and mental illness, deprivation such as poor housing or homelessness and/or peer group pressure and these are the main areas of concern and focus points of the Youth Crime Action Plan of 2008 which set out the governments goals for the next year. The act led to huge amounts of money being spent on the youth justice system like never before, approximately  £380 million which doubled to  £648.5 million by 2007. Youth courts were established by the Criminal Justice Act 1991 and deal with those aged 10 to 17, Labours plans were to try and keep young offenders out of court and emphasised the use of ASBOs community orders etc., however, the Centre of Crime and Justice studies performed an independent audit of the system in 2007 and found the key priority was speeding up the youth justice process  [5]  resulting in missed targets for Labour. It claims that the majority of the budget was spent of custody and not prevention which is pointless if the government do not want youths in custody. As mentioned earlier, the Youth Justice board was introduced in 1998 and has changed the youth crime system, by trying to help young offenders, for example, accommodation and resettlement, alternatives to custody, education, training and employment and health and has set its self targets to reduce self-reported crime and the amount of children overall in the service, however as the independent audit states: Despite regular commitments made by the YJB to reduce the number of children sentenced to custody, the latest targets have not been met. In fact, at present, performance is deteriorating, with numbers increasing by 8% since March 2003 against a target of a 10% reduction.  [6]  It could be argued that although the creation of the Youth Justice Board was a step in the right direction, it hasnt nearly been as successful as it could have been and is failing. Next are the Youth Offending teams, set up in every local authority in England and Wales and is represented by people from the police and probation to health, education and social services. According to the audit, Labour used budgets from social and health care to fund youth crime prevention which according to the report is vital to keeping youth offending down; youth offending teams are not cut out for the social aspect of youth offending which led to missed targets and overworking. The report also found that youth offending teams can only regulate youth crime and cannot reduce it which should be reformed in policy. Although many changes have been made and a lot of money spent, there is increasing fear of gang and knife crime. To have a clearer view on this, we must look at statistics; the main supplier of these is the OCJS (Offending, Crime and Justice Survey) who in 2006 performed a self reporting offending survey to 10 to 25 year olds. For example Here we can see the proportion of 10- to 25-year-olds committing an offence in the last 12 months, at its highest on 26% of all 10 to 25 year olds are committing crime, which is less than a 3rd of all young people, according to the survey 12 per cent of males aged from 10 to 25 said they had committed an offence designated as serious, eight per cent were classified as frequent offenders, and five per cent as serious and frequent offenders  [7]  . 10 to 25 year olds is a wide area of study which could include thousands of young people, of this of only at the most 12% are committing serious crimes, the statistics could be a lot worse. As stated in the summary: (it surveys people aged) 10 to 25 living in the general household population in England and Wales. The survey does not cover young people living in institutions, including prisons, or the homeless, and thus omits some high offending groups. This is a relatively big omission, if they do not survey the people in prison who have been incarcerated of crimes; they are leaving out quite a vital part of their research. Also, the research is only a study which involves interviewing; they interviewed past interviewees from 2003 and 2004 and used new people. Yet if the survey was for 2005, they would only use new people, they also compare to the 2003 and 2004 surveys, which would suggest they are comparing the same people. As mentioned the survey is predominately made up of interviewing, it does not take police crime statistics into account which could give totally different results. According to the government report- Crime Action Plan: One year on Summary, they have been successful in reducing crime, re-offending fell between 2000 and 2007 by 24% The number of young people in the criminal justice system has gone down, by 9% from 2006/7 to 2007/8, more young people are taking part in their communities than using alcohol and drugs and there had been a 22% fall in sharp object assault. The independent audit however disagrees with this, saying that the aim of reducing young offending in Crime and Disorder act has yet to be achieved and that self reported offending is not declining. In conclusion, I would agree and disagree with changes to the youth justice system have little impact on the youth crimes, in agreement rates of youth offending have declined, theres is a lot more social support for young offenders, there has been the recognition of the causes of crime, with the creation if anti social behaviour orders, less children are kept out of court, the creation of young offending teams and the youth justice board is a huge change from the past and the government has actively tried to reduce youth crime with a much better funded system. However, in some aspects the statement could be true, some people believe that there is too much focus on welfare, and not enough on punishment, New Labour had failed even to mitigate the continuing increased use of custody of young offenders, let alone reverse it  [8]  , The government seem to be focusing more on some areas than others. The independent audit found that the budget for youth crime was taken from education, h ealth and social services which were themselves vital to young offenders; they found that most of the governments targets had been missed; Youth offending teams are failing and cannot work efficiently. As the audit says A decade on from the creation of the YJB and YOTs, and at a time of rising concerns about youth gangs and violence involving guns and knives, the time has come to reappraise the role and purpose of the youth justice system and to consider what it can realistically achieve in addressing youth offending.

Robert Keith Millers Discrimination is a Virtue, Elizabeth Cady Stantons Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions :: Eva Hoffmans Wanderers by Choice

Robert Keith Miller's Discrimination is a Virtue, Elizabeth Cady Stanton's Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, and Eva Hoffman's Wanderers by Choice Robert Keith Miller wrote Discrimination is a Virtue to clarify the definition of discrimination and how it is suppose to be used. The correct definition of discrimination is the ability to tell differences. He is saying that Americans use this term in more of a negative form, when they should be defining their actions as prejudice. He uses several examples to show this difference, which also grabs the reader’s attention. He explains that when you discriminate, you should be able to tell the difference between things and know what each needs. In other words, he is trying to say we should be as open-minded as possible, â€Å"but not so open-minded that our brains fall out.† However, Americans use the word discriminate by making others appear lower than themselves, and thinking less of them because they are lower. This should be recognized as prejudice. This essay makes discrimination very clear and shows how it should be used in American society. Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions Elizabeth Cady Stanton wrote Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions in order to convince the men her time that women should be equal and have the right to vote. She uses the Declaration of Independence to attract readers which makes it much easier for her to explain her purpose. She is trying to explain that, â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, depriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.† Her purpose is clear; she takes the time to show how wrongly men of this time treated women and what should be done to resolve that. She explains that women should have the right to vote and have other responsibilities in government. She shows other examples from the Declaration of Independence and resolutions on how to make man and woman equal. She is trying to show how important it is to create a balance between genders and how each can learn from each other.

Enterprise Resource Planning Essay

Enterprise Resource Planning is a term that describes a system of business management in which all facets of a business are integrated. These include sales, manufacturing, planning and marketing . EPR is about integrating all these different aspects of business in one software. Software develops of ERP software include the Carter Group (who originally came up with the term), Peoplesoft, Oracle and SAP. There have been several attempts of ERP implementation that have been unsuccessful. Most of these failures happened in 1999, in an attempt to manage Y2K issues. This suggests that companies at the time may have been compelled to implement ERP due to pressing needs. The success of company’s that adopted ERP later shows that these late adopters have benefited from mistakes made by other companies. Current research indicates most recent implementations to be successful Failure of ERP projects occurs at varying degrees. When a project is not fully utilized it can be considered to have failed. Forrester Research in April 2001 reported that about 6 percent of 500 companies that they had surveyed found their ERP systems to be work effectively. Another 79 percent found their ERP systems to be ineffective or somewhat effective. The complexity of implementing ERP projects has been cited as a common and major for ERP implementation failure. The process requires commitment from all divisions of the company to be successful. It consumes a lot of time and is difficult as well as expensive to implement. The tight integration characteristic of the project means that without commitment from all workers and a change in the way of doing business means that it cannot work. ERP projects have been known to cost upwards of $500 million for very large companies and to take years to be fully complete. This happens without a guarantee of the eventual outcome Hershey Food’s SAPAG’s R/3 implementation illustrates this point best. The company incurred expenses of about $113 million and took thirty months on their ERP project. Upon completion in July 1999 the company had large problems of ensuring orders were pushed through the system. The result of this was delays in shipping and loss of customers due to orders that were incomplete. Some of the reasons given for this failure include the haste in which it was done. The ERP project if it had gone according to schedule would have taken 4 years rather than the short 30 months it took. Additionally, the company was at the same time implementing two other packages a logistics and customer relations package. This only made things more complex and harder for employees to learn. The time at which Hershey Food ‘went live’ with the ERP project happened to be the busiest time of their year, Halloween. Consequently the delays that resulted cost the company dearly leading to a $ 151 million fall in profits compared to the year before Most managers try to work around the complexities of the process rather than take the time, money and effort to go through the complex configuring process to ensure the ERP system fits with a company’s specificities. Using process templates is a short cut to make implementation faster and leads to generalization. This in the end has an effect of limiting performance and lowering competitive advantage. Speeding up the process often means that critical testing and adequate training of the users will be compromised. Inadequate training and education of employees is a common problem because training needs are almost always, underestimated. The crucial nature of ERP training cannot be overemphasized. Employees have to learn new software interfaces and processes in the business end. All this affect the whole project and the company. Outside consultant issues are another feature of most ERP failures. Sometimes the consultants hired may be in experienced or overstaffed leading to an increase in operating costs for the ERP project. Where more than one consultancy firm is used conflict almost always ensues. A forestry products manufacturer based in Atlanta used four consultancy firms at various stages of implementing its SAP project. The CIO reported that the consultants were in constant conflict over the best approach to the project. Control of the project seemed to be the main issue rather than forming a partnership with the manufacturer for the project’s success. The company finally shelved the project. FoxMeyer, a $5 million drug company contracted two vendors for its SAP R/3 project. The warehouse automation was bought from Pinnacle while Anderson had the job of integrating and implementing the Delta III project and the SAPR/3. The ERP project drove FoxMeyer Drugs to bankruptcy. Though there were other reasons for their failure but the use of two consultancy firms contributed a lot to an already complex situation. Incompetence of consultants in implementing the ERP project is common. Peoplesoft and Deloitte & Touche were sued by W. L. Gore following ERP failure after the system they had installed went live and resulted in many problems. Gore alleged that Deloitte & Touche were unqualified since when the system went live, the company had to depend on the customer service hotline following system problems. The company had to find other consultants to correct the damage caused causing hundreds of thousands of dollars in losses. Deloitte & Touche paid referral fees to Peoplesoft, this lead Peoplesoft to recommend them despite the fact they had no expertise for implementation of the software. FoxMeyer had a similar problem with the CLO reporting that the company was more like training ground for inexperienced consultants. When software is over customized, a problem is usually created. McFarlane of Western management consultants claims that modification of software results in trouble. He suggests modifying business processes instead. When software is modified, upgrading and testing become a problem increasing the chances of failure of the subject. Many businesses find it easier to purchase software rather than identify weaknesses in business process and improve them. It is best for the business process to fit the software and where there is absence of fit or appropriateness, the business process should be modified. The commander of Military Sealift Command decided to reduce risk of ERP implementation by finding a package that closely mirrored the business practices of MSC so as to avoid software modification. In only about 11 areas did the software fail to match and even then, the commander changed the MSC processes so that they would fit the Oracle ERP software they were using. Application of technology as a solution to problems of business processes is another reason for failure of ERP. Many ERP initiatives are system driven; these have a higher probability of failure compared to those that are business driven. Most companies consider ERP implementation as a competency by itself that could serve as a fix to a problem. This should not be the case since technology is a vehicle by which competency can be obtained rather than a competency by itself. This was FoxMeyer’s mistake. By adopting ERP early the company took up software that was designed for manufacturing companies rather than distribution companies. With this major underlying problem there is no way the ERP project could have been a success. The software could not handle processing demands leading to FoxMeyer’s bankruptcy. Corporate culture also has great influence as far as the failure of ERP implementation is concerned. When top management is not seen to be backing up the project it is not very well recognized. In addition most ERP projects are rejected by employees who fear that their jobs will be lost. Failure to realize the benefits of the projects leads to a resistance to change. Management has a role in this because if they were to communicate effectively to the employees, there would be increased ownership of the project. To foster buy-in and ownership, employee involvement should be as high as possible otherwise employees will back out or refuse to be cooperative leading to failure of the project. FoxMeyer had such a problem, most employees felt that their jobs were threatened by the ERP project and some of them even trashed the interfaces set up while others simply did not participate in training leading to delays in orders and general mismanagement of the whole distribution process. The aforementioned forestry manufacturing produces did not put into consideration the effect of ERP implementation on its Vice Presidents. The Vice presidents of the 12 divisions in the company would have lost their autonomy to a more centralized and integrated system. When the VPs realized the effect of the company’s long-term strategies they balked leading to scraping off of the subject. Testing of the ERP project requires time and effort. Whenever a red flag is raised, the system should be checked. Miscalculation of how much time and effort will be required leads to failure of the project. It is better to exceed the timeline rather than compress the time required for completion of the project and end up with system that is flawed. Sticking to a schedule despite the problems that have been identified will cause problems later. This is evident from the troubles experienced by Whirlpool following its SAP system implementation. The company went live in spite of the fact that problems had been identified in the testing phase. The decision not to change their schedule led to shipping delays with appliances in warehouses for upwards of six-weeks past their correct delivery time. Meritor experienced a similar problem. Believing they had adequate training, they began to roll out the ERP system in phases beginning with a manufacturing plant in Wales. It took another 30 days with more staff to ensure that manufacturing would not be delayed. To prevent a problem like that from occurring in the future, the Vice President added another two weeks to ERP deployment timeline. Though this requires extra time and consequently more expenses an attitude more like this is necessary for the ERP rollout to be a success. The mainframe at Cleveland State University could not handle the application by Peoplesoft necessitating a change to a Unix System. The problems created by this failure of infrastructure lasted for a year following the first rollout of the ERP project. Bio Rad Laboratories had a problem along the same line. The implementation of their ERP system led to WAN becoming very slow as a result of conflict between ERP and email traffic. Email alone was using up the greater percentage of the bandwidth available between locations. This had the effect of important data in the ERP system distribution and financial modules being left to languish at some sites. This caused stalling of orders and slowed product shipment. From the two examples cited above it is evident ERP failure can result from poor infrastructure. Infrastructure appraisal is therefore necessary to ensure that it can support implementation of an ERP system. If this is done early the infrastructure can be modified early to suit the desired ERP system. This will lead to reduction in costs due to problems or failure of initial rollout of the ERP system. The intellectual capital of the company as far as the ERP system is a significant factor that contributes to failure of ERP systems. Often when the project is complete and within months after the exodus of the consultants most companies are left in trouble. This is because most companies do not have their own person(s) who are capable of dealing with problems in the ERP system. This was the case in FoxMeyer where upon the departure of the consultant firm staff, the company was left without people who could manage the ERP system effectively. This brain drain effect happened to a semiconductor manufacturer in Silicon Valley. The manufacturer lost about 70-80 percent of the projects core-team in about three months following ‘go live’ after most members of the core-project team had left. This loss meant that there was no one familiar with the project to address issues concerning the system that came up. User expectations may also cause ERP systems to fail when users expect that the return on investment will be unrealistically high. Usually, the costs of planning, consultation, training and testing as well as data conversion, replacement staffing, documentation and the drop in learning performance are all factors that will reduce the benefits anticipated from an ERP system. Other expectations like expecting a really short time of implementation of the system will lead to failure. For instance if a company is late in finding a consultancy firm, and still unwilling to change it’s ‘go live date’ the company risks failure as the consultancy that agree to work with the company will do so in a short time ending up with a less than perfect system. The consulting company may fail to meet user expectations leading to shelving of the project. Sometimes when there are executives from other organization who have recently joined the company, they may be tempted to impose ideas from a previous organization that has already implemented ERP systems. This creates a problem because each organization has its own unique processes and often what is applicable for the ERP system of one company is not wholly transferable to another company. User expectations should be as realistic as possible and reflect an understanding of the business processes and the vision of the company. To avoid poor management of using expectations it is necessary to provide the clear expectations of what can be achieved. Failure to understand and prioritize user expectations will lead to problems and the best way to solve this is to ensure documentation of these expectations as well as validating deliverables of the projects to the expectations of the users. A desire to cut costs also contributes to a lot of ERP failure. The major problem with this is it creates more problems which result in more time and mistakes that have to be corrected making the date of completion further and the costs higher. Ill-advised cost cutting which attempts to avoid conversion costs, for example going live at a multi-plant simultaneously may lead to failure. This may cause all plants to shutdown if a false start-up occurs. Trying to make the schedule as short as possible so as to save expenses leads to overrunning both the schedule and budget. Return on Investments should be a last consideration when the company’s information system is being upgraded. An attitude like this will help in avoidance of cost cutting as far as ERP projects are concerned. This will ensure success of the organizations ERP implementation. Inexperienced project managers may cause ERP implementation to fail. When the core-team project members has no one from the company’s IT team or other members of the user community it becomes difficult to continually monitor the progress of the project. A southeastern electronics manufacturer due to poor management by inexperienced personnel almost closed a plant because they were unable to accept deliveries. To ensure the success of ERP projects, it is important to first redefine the measure of success. Success is currently measured by whether a project is finished on time within the budget. The ability for the system to be fully utilized is not considered. Measures for performance ought to be developed and undergo standardization so that companies have a better and clearer understanding of benefits of ERP implementation as well as the basic rules to avoid failure.

Graceland Essays

Graceland Essays Graceland Essay Graceland Essay Greenland, tells a coming of age story about a young boy named Elvis Eke, who has big dreams to make something of himself in America, the land of the free. Through out this novel, major cultural and life changes come about. Generational differences from the elders to the youngest living generation are unmistakably present through out the whole story, especially after Elviss mother dies and him and his father move to Lagos. The corruption aspect of the governments in Africa changes as the story progresses as well. The occupations that Elvis has throughout the years of his story also change drastically after he takes the bold move to come to America. Elviss story shows us how African culture changes throughout the period of time in which this book was written to present day. There are many cultural aspects of the African culture that still remain strong and permanent but all societies make adjustments as the years go on merely because things change and if adjustments are not made then the people of the society may not be satisfied. After Elviss mother dies from breast cancer, Sunday (Elviss father) moves them into Lagos. In Lagos they lived in the slums. The slums were dangerous and not stable places to find work, food, or a sense of safeness. Everyday was a struggle for Elvis because his father had resorted to drinking away all his problems. Elvis had to leave his other family members including; his grandmother, Aunt Felicia and Beef. His cousin, behind when his father and him made the move to Lagos. : The original plan was to find better Job prospects in Lagos, but unfortunately Elvis became the provider for the family his father then acquired in Lagos. The woman his father soon started seeing after moving to Lagos had three children of her own. Without a formal education fro a school Elvis works on the beach singing and dancing as an Elvis Presley impersonator. After moving from his family In the village, Elvis develops a tendency to not respect his elders as much as he used to. Because of the particular situation Elvis as put into this was bound to happen. As his father proceeded to drink he slowly lost some respect for the adults In the society merely for the fact that Elvis may have considered himself to be more mature than them at some points in his life. In the beginning of the book, there is a scene depicted in which his Grandmother asks him for his help sweeping the yard after he blurted out a comment about the dance lessons he wanted to take. He respectfully refrains from the question he had asked his grandmother after she, slightly rudely says, Are you blind? You Canaan see this broom? Or are you Just going tea watch me sweep with my old bones? (P 38) Today some of the younger generation would help the elder out, others would ask for payment, and some may not even do it at all. There is a major difference in how elders are treated now then they were twenty plus years ago. There Is a sort of entitlement aspect that elders or older people In general expect from the younger communal TTY. In Greenland we see as Levels starts getting Into more Illegal aspect TTS AT working he starts loosing respect for elders.

Probes and Probabilities

Probes and Probabilities Probes and Probabilities Probes and Probabilities By Mark Nichol The Latin noun probus, meaning â€Å"virtuous† or â€Å"worthy,† is the ultimate source of probe and probability and their variants, which are listed and defined in this post. The verb probe is from the Latin word probare, derived from probus and meaning â€Å"demonstrate† or â€Å"test,† and means â€Å"examine† or â€Å"search.† The noun form, also probe, describes an investigation or search or a device for carrying out either type of procedure. A proband, meanwhile, is the first subject to be examined in a medical study to investigate, for example, a genetic disorder. Probate refers, as a noun or a verb, to validation of a will, and probation is study of a person to determine his or her fitness for a position or for rehabilitation after committing a crime, or the period during which the study occurs. (Adjectival forms are probational and probationary, and the adverbial form is probationally.) The probationer, the person under probation, seeks to demonstrate probity; that word, directly derived from probus, means â€Å"virtue.† The adjective probative means â€Å"exploratory† or â€Å"substantiating† and, in legal contexts, â€Å"relating to proof† or â€Å"tending to prove.† A reprobate is a person who demonstrates a lack of virtue. This term’s force has become diluted; it is now usually employed in a humorous sense as a synonym for rascal, but in the 1800s, it described a morally depraved person, and earlier, the connotation was of condemnation or damnation. As a verb, reprobate means â€Å"condemn,† â€Å"damn,† or â€Å"reject,† and it also serves as an adjective. Probable and its permutations are also descended from probare. Probable and probably derive from the Latin word probabilis, meaning â€Å"acceptable† or â€Å"provable,† and are synonyms for the adjectival and adverbial forms of likely, while the quality of being probable- as well as the mathematical concept of likelihood- is probability. (The antonyms for these words are formed by attaching the prefix im-.) In addition, the adjective probabilistic applies to philosophical and scientific concepts pertaining, respectively, to competing options and to the supposed invalidity of certainty. A subsequent post will detail the cognates proof and prove and other members of the probus family that deviate from the ancestral spelling. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What is the Difference Between "These" and "Those"?How Long Should a Paragraph Be?10 Terms for the Common People

The Channel Tunnel Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Channel Tunnel Project - Essay Example The tunnel cost almost $16 billion which was more than twice of the initial cost estimates. The primary focus of the project was to ensure that safety, defence, security and environmental issues do not go unnoticed. The key finding of the assignment is that the entire channel tunnel project was inaccurately scheduled and thus led to all the issues. Therefore the most challenging task of the project was to complete it within the stipulated time frame. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Project Background 4 Project Management Issues 5 7 Discussion and Analysis 8 Conclusion 10 References 11 Introduction The channel tunnel project was carried out to create a link between France and England through underground tunnels. The channel tunnel also referred to as the Euro tunnel is basically a railway link between United Kingdom and France under the English Channel (7wonders, n.d.). The purpose of the report is to highlight on the areas such as backdrop of the project, the iss ues pertaining to the project and some of the risks which are associated with the project. In other words the report will try to illustrate the exact happenings about and will provide all the relevant details regarding management of the project. Apart from this the report will also highlight on some of issues pertaining to the operation management of the project. The issues will relate to the designing phase, approval phase and the manufacturing phase. However the dissertation will also try to analyse the case and based on which some propositions and recommendations will be also presented. The recommendation and the propositions will be strictly based on governance and management of the project. The report will try to minimize and solve the business management challenges and risks associated with the project. In order to do so some of the operation management tools and techniques such as work breakdown structure, risk management will be consulted. Project Background The project of c hannel tunnel was undertaken in order to link United Kingdom and France through Railways. The project was supposed to be carried out beneath the English Channel between Folkestone of United Kingdom and Calais of France (Construct my future, n.d.). In the context of its development process the project was simply divided into the design phase, manufacturing phase and testing phase. Eurotunnel was chosen as the organization to carry out the entire operation of developing the project. Eurotunnel has contracted the project to Transmachine Link (TML) that has again sub contracted other manufacturers for manufacturing the shuttle wagons. The core reason which has been cited for its outsourcing was the tight timescale factor and companies having to bear heavy liquidity damages. Therefore it minimizes the chances of penalty and risk gets shared. Now to initiate the project there were requirements of a large number of approvals from the Intergovernmental commission (IGC) in the context of des ign, construction and operational phase. Intergovernmental commission was established or recognized under the article 10 of the agreement for managing all the operational activities of the channel tunnel on behalf of the French and UK government (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: European Union Committee, 2011, p.20). The major focus of the project was on safety, security,

Quantitative Methods and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Quantitative Methods and Analysis - Essay Example In correlation research, information is normally gathered through questionnaires, interviews or through secondary sources. The variables in a correlation study are usually selected through a given rationale (Cohen, 2002). For instance one can seek to examine the attitude of students towards math and their mathematical modeling ability in the workplace. In that case one will seek to find out whether the two variables are correlated in any way. A correlation coefficient is then computed which is a quantitative value and will indicate the direction and the size of the relationship between the two variables. The two variables are chosen because in one way or another there may seem to be a relationship between them. The results obtained from a correlation survey are very relevant and practical in the workplace. For investment purposes, the correlation between different portfolios can be determined so as to diversify and avoid investing in similar ventures. A business can also use correlation analysis to find out how different factors affect the sales volume. In the evaluation of learning, the study of correlation can effectively illuminate various issues that account for the disparities in learning abilities of the students (Adrich, 2008). The study of correlation is therefore very relevant not only in the social sciences but in entirely all sectors of human