Amenhotep IV and Art and Religion Essay -- History Historical Amenhote

Amenhotep IV and Art and ReligionThe influence Amenhotep IV had on stratagem and religion of his succession caused him to be one of the most controversial Egyptian pharaohs of all time. The 10th force of the 18th dynasty, he has been called the most remarkable king to sit on Egypts throne. He has also earned the honor of being called the first individual in human history.1The cult of Aten did machinate before his rule, perhaps as early as 1411 B.C. It paid homage to the sun, its central idea was living on maat, that is, variously translated as accountability, justice, and truth. The doctrine of this religion failed to win the approval or support of any but Akhenatens followers. It is said that cult of Aten did not have an good code. It centered around gratitude towards life the sun for life and warmth. Ankh was life the force that the sun-disk (Atens ) rays bestowed on man in most of the art.The people could not tap directly to Aten. They directed their prayers instead to the king, who was the only person who could directly pray to Aten. The religion was such an intellectual and introspective nature that the people couldnt extrapolate it. Therefore, it was inevitable that it would not gain popularity.2Akhenatens father was Amenhotep III, who reigned from 1358-1340. He made a break from tradition when he married a commoner, Tiy, who became Akhenatens mother.3 He was raised in a traditional manner, but he eventually showed a preference to devotion the god Aten, rather than the traditional Amun. For some time he ruled as co- regent with his father. He changed his name early in his reign from Amenhotep IV to Akhenaten, meaning One who pleases Aten. His wife, commonly k right awayn as Nefertiti, became Neter-Nefru-Aten, meaning, Beautiful is the beauty of Aten.4When he changed his name, it was like a formal declaration of his new religion. He moved the capital of Egypt to a place now called Tell el - Amarna Akhenaton and in year 6 of his reign began to buil d a new city which he called Akhenetaton The Place of Atens Effective Power. He swore an oath never to go beyond the bounds of the city. This is today taken not to mean that he would never leave it, but that he wouldnt push the bounds of the city beyond designated boundary stones.5In the first few years Akhenaten instituted some changes. He began to build a place to worship a n... ...nally, with the excavation of Amarna and Thebes, his existence was beyond question. For a good ten years, there records had shown no pharaoh at all.23 Endnotes1Edward Malone, Akhenaton. n.p. 1997, 1.2Breasted, James Henry. A account of Egypt from the Earliest multiplication to the Persian Conquest. (New York Simon and Schuster, 1992), 201.3Edward Malone, Akhenaton.4Ibid.,1.5Ibid. 2.6H.W. Janson. History of Art. (New Jersey Prentice Hall Inc. 1962), 57.7Ibid., 48.8Ibid., 58.9Ibid., 57.10Phillip Vandenberg. The Golden Pharoah. (New York Macmillian Publishing Co., 1980), 49.11Ibid., 51.12Akhenaton Encyclo pedia Britannica, Vol. 1, 1989, 188.13Ibid., 189.14Phillip Vandenberg. The Golden Pharoah. 299.15H.W. Hanson. History of Art. 49. 16Ibid., 57.17Phillip Vandenberg. The Golden Pharoah. 299.18James Henry Breasted. A History of Egypt from the Earliest Times to The Persian Conquest. 20219R.J. Williams. Amenhotep and the Hymn to Aten Gods of the Ancient and Near East. (London Thomas Nelson, 1958), 2.20Ibid., 1.22Edward Malone. Akhenaton.3.23Phillip Vandenberg. The Golden Pharoah. 97.

The Benefits of Implementing Talking Circles in the Classroom Essay

I spent my volunteer experience with Dr. Geis special needs classroom at County Elementary School and throughout my participation, the most define observation was that of the teachers and staff members. Naturally, some employees ar better than others at fulfilling tasks. However, as time passed, I noticed that certain employees had difficulty starting each daytime fresh, free of the pressure and tension that may have accumulated from the previous day. I only volunteered a couple of times a week so my ability to wipe the slate clean was easier. Nevertheless, I can understand how taxing and repetitive the process can be for the full length of a school year. According to the National Commission on Teaching about, one-third of all new teachers leave after three years, and 46 percent are gone within five years (Kopkowski). The relatively high attrition rate of teachers is known as teacher burnout. Teacher burnout can be attributed to twain physical and emotional factors which may incl ude, classroom disruptions, inadequate salaries, oversized classes, overbearing parents, excessive paperwork, cutbacks in supplies or materials, threats, harassment, assaults, violence, or problems with co-workers or with administrators (Campbell). The National Commission on Teaching estimates costs up to, $7 billion a year, as districts and states recruit, hire, and try to retain new teachers (Kopkowski). Teacher burnout is financially and socially affecting schools, communities, and society. The suggest of this paper is to identify factors that may lead to teacher burnout, acknowledge the effects of the issue, and provide solutions to better manage the stress of teaching.In The Relationship between pupil Behaviour Patterns and Teacher Burnout... ...y. 2014.Clear, Todd R. Imprisoning Communities. 1st ed. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2007. Print.Clifford, Amos. Teaching Restorative Practices With Classroom Circles. 1st ed. 2013. Print.Glassman, Bernard, and Rick Fields. Instru ctions To The Cook. 1st ed. New York Bell Tower, 1996. Print.Hastings, Richard P, and Mohammed S Bham. The Relationship Between Student Behaviour Patterns And Teacher Burnout. School Psychology International 24.1 (2003) 115--127. Print.Kopkowski, Cynthia. Why They Leave. NEA. N. p., 2014. Web. 2 May. 2014.Mindgarden.com,. Maslach Burnout Inventory By Christina Maslach, Susan E. Jackson, Michael P. Leiter, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Richard L. Schwab - Mind Garden, Inc.. N. p., 2014. Web. 2 May. 2014.Pranis, Kay, Barry Stuart, and Mark Wedge. Peacemaking Circles. 1st ed. St. Paul, Minn. Living justice Press, 2003. Print.

What is Education? Education has been an important aspect in people’s l

What is Education? Education has been an important aspect in quite a littles lives. As childrenWhat is Education?Education has been an important aspect in peoples lives. Aschildren, they start their academic careers in elementary check andas they grow older they move onto middle school, and then finally highschool. I believe that from elementary school to high school,students are acquire the minimal amount of study. Some peoplestop their education after their grade twelve year and some go ontopost-secondary institutions. In addition, I to a fault believe thatstudents who finish high school but decide not to pursuepost-secondary schools will have acquired enough education to carry onwith their lives and as well as getting entry level jobs. Furthermore, students who continue their education in colleges anduniversities will become more academically skilled while change magnitudetheir chances of getting a well paid job (depending on their major).Their lives will be enriched as well. In this paper, I will argue my thoughts on what is the stand up ofeducation. There are many ways to argue what the experience ofeducation is. My argument is that the experience of education meansgaining the skills and knowledge to not only to survive in the realworld, but to gain awareness and appreciation for life-long learningand the things that happen around us.Education is such a broad field as there are so many educational pathsto take to become successful in a particular field. Common knowledgesays that the education weve go through in elementary school havehelped prepare us for middle school. The same thing applies for entryto high school from middle school. These events from the three different c... ...e different situations. Theseskills should not be overlooked and should not be taken for granted. We must appreciate the world around us and be thankful for whateducation has provided us. Without education, we may not be able todo everyday things such as calculating our ex penses, thinkinglogically, and interpreting ones idea, etc. I believe that in life,all people to some extent are committed to life-long learning. Everyday we go through an experience such as study at school,helping out in the community, or being a good Samaritan. For everyexperience we gain, we use that experience to gain another experience. whole kit and caboodle CitedBarnhart, Clarence L., & Robert K. Barnhart, eds. The World BookDictionary Volume one A-K. Chicago, IL World Book Inc., 1993.Dewey, John. My Pedagogic Creed. The School Journal 54, no.3, 16January 1897 77 80.

absolut Failure Essay -- essays research papers fc

The 1920s was a time of major social change in the United States. The social changes during this period are reflected in the laws and regulations that were implemented. One of the most prominent examples of this was inhibition. The 18th Amendment to the Constitution, or the Volsted act as it is also know, was implemented to glide by the use of inebriant in the United States. In doing this, the advocates of prohibition hoped to also eradicate the social problems associated with alcohol. It was an attempt to promote Protestant middle-class culture as a means of imposing order on a disorderly world(Dumenil 226). However, this goal of keeping social order through non overpowering alcohol, was not reached during the years of prohibition, or even the years following it. Alcohol use among Americans did decline, but it was not totally eliminated, and some of the social problems were even great then before prohibition. Therefore prohibition was not successful in its original purpose. To best understand the reasons behind the failure of prohibition, we have to look at the years before, during, and after prohibition. This will give context to the implementation of the 18th Amendment, as well as show the trends of Americans alcohol use and the effects of alcohol on American society. The early 1900s were a time of great prosperity in the United States. America was thriving economically, and big cities were booming. However, some Americans purpose that this was not a good thing, because of the social problems that came with the urban culture. The drys, as Prohibitionists were referred to, saw large cities as providing people with readily available alcohol. This in turn led to an increase in crime, poverty and immorality. During the period of 1911-1915 the average per-capita consumption of alcohol of each American was 2.56 gallons (Kyvig 24). The solution that was proposed was a national prohibition of alcohol. The goal of this was to eliminate drinking in America th us reducing all of the problems associated with it. The Prohibitionists thought that the sale of pot liquor was a social crime, that the drinking of liquor was a racial crime, and that the results of liquor were criminal actions(Sinclair 220). By making alcohol illegal nationally, such as it would be with prohibition, the social problems of America would be fixed. On January 16, 1920 alcohol became i... ...ad, it added to the problems it was intended to solve(Thornton). We can see that prohibition did reduce the amount of alcohol consumed in the United States, but alcohol use was not altogether eliminated. The social problems that were hoped to be addressed were not solved either. The great experiment that was prohibition did not accomplish its goals of solving the social problems of America and eliminating alcohol consumption. But it will always be remembered for causing Americans to reflect on the effects of alcohol on society. Bibliography 1. Bowen, Ezera. This Fabulous Century . 6 vol. New York Time lifetime Books, 1969. 2. Dumenil, Lynn. Modern Temper American culture and society in the 1920s. New York Hill and Wang, 1995. 3. Fisher, Irving. Prohibition at its worst. New York The Macmillan Company, 1926 4. Kyvig, David E. Repealing National Prohibition. Chicago The University of Chicago Press, 1979. 5. Lee, Henry. How Dry We Were Prohibition revisited. New Jersey Prentice Hall Inc, 1963. 6. Sinclair, Andrew. Prohibition The Era of Excess. Boston Little, Brown and Company, 1962. 7. Thornton, Mark. http//www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-157.html

Heart of Darkness :: essays papers

Heart of DarknessThe Heart of Darkness In the Heart of Darkness, Conrad uses his own experiences in the Belgian Congo to create a character, Marlow, who is appalled by what he discovers in the Congo. Conrad uses a nameless second narrator to reveal the truth Marlow encounters as he journeys deep into the jungle. In his journey, Marlow becomes obsessed with the reclusive Mr. Kurtz. Because of his obsession, Marlow discovers an implicit in(p) evil deep down with in him egotism and all those around him. Conrad uses Kurtz in a way to show the absolute corruption and lack of self-restraint Marlow encounters in the Congo. When the novel starts Marlow imagines his trip into the Congo leave be an adventure in the unknown, but as he gets deeper and deeper into the jungle Marlow discovers the darkest part of the human mind. Marlow is horrified by what he sees around him and is held from oblivion only by the hope he holds for discovering the genius, Mr. Kurtz. Marlow discovers that the only thing that gives people restraint in society, and when left to himself man will become no better than a common animal. Only a rear and extraordinary man can control himself and those surroundings, Marlow believes that Kurtz is such a man. Marlows discovery of Kurtz and what he has done destroys his ideals, and this realization ho comes to in the Congo isolates him. Kurtz becomes a source of light for Marlow in an otherwise dark place, the latter is driven to find Kurtz by a strong obsession. Marlow discovers the full capacity of his obsession when one of his crew dies, so that Marlow may reach the source of his light. As he journeys into the Congo, Marlow comes to discover ugly truth about himself and Kurtz. This has a great impact on Marlow and makes him a dynamic character. Marlow struggles throughout the novel to maintain some self restraint which everyone else seems to have lost out in the darkness. This use of light and dark is one of the most effective devi ses used by Conrad. The framing pull drives home the degree to which Marlows discoveries have isolated him from mainstream European society.

Heart of Darkness :: essays papers

Heart of DarknessThe Heart of Darkness In the Heart of Darkness, Conrad uses his own experiences in the Belgian Congo to create a character, Marlow, who is appalled by what he discovers in the Congo. Conrad uses a nameless second narrator to reveal the truth Marlow encounters as he journeys deep into the jungle. In his journey, Marlow becomes obsessed with the reclusive Mr. Kurtz. Because of his obsession, Marlow discovers an constituent(a) evil deep down with in him ego and all those around him. Conrad uses Kurtz in a way to show the absolute corruption and lack of self-restraint Marlow encounters in the Congo. When the novel starts Marlow imagines his trip into the Congo will be an adventure in the unknown, but as he gets deeper and deeper into the jungle Marlow discovers the darkest part of the human mind. Marlow is horrified by what he sees around him and is held from oblivion only by the hope he holds for discovering the genius, Mr. Kurtz. Marlow discovers that t he only thing that gives people restraint in society, and when left to himself man will become no better than a common animal. Only a rear and extraordinary man can control himself and those surroundings, Marlow believes that Kurtz is such a man. Marlows discovery of Kurtz and what he has done destroys his ideals, and this realization ho comes to in the Congo isolates him. Kurtz becomes a source of light for Marlow in an otherwise dark place, the latter is dictated to find Kurtz by a strong obsession. Marlow discovers the full capacity of his obsession when one of his crew dies, so that Marlow may reach the source of his light. As he journeys into the Congo, Marlow comes to discover ugly truth about himself and Kurtz. This has a great impact on Marlow and makes him a dynamic character. Marlow struggles throughout the novel to maintain some self restraint which everyone else seems to have lost out in the darkness. This use of light and dark is one of the most effective devises used by Conrad. The framing cheat drives home the degree to which Marlows discoveries have isolated him from mainstream European society.

“Medea” Aristotelian Analysis

Aristotelian Analysis Music/Sound & Spectacle (Medea) V. Music/SoundThe character of Sound in Medea Eurypides uses sound to great effect in Medea. Perhaps virtu completelyy prevalent is the fact that all the women are played by men, most likely talking and singing in a high pitched falsetto, giving the play a high, screeching tone, which would certainly put the audience on edge. This would add to the tension, and provide an exaggerated contrast between the men, speaking in their natural voices, and the women in their falsetto.This also influences the musical nature of the play. As compared to other classic tragedies where the chorus would get been intentionally all male, Medea would have a truly different sound, a much more feminine sound, as would be suitable for one of the few Greek plays with a female protagonist. The language Eurypides uses helps the audience understand her and her actions, as well as be able to empathize with her. row of destruction, such as kill, broken, refugee, sick, hate, enraged, and starves all set the stage in the first 20 lines of the play.The audience instantly knows that Medea has suffered horribly, and now has both right and reason to draw revenge for the wrongs that have been done to her. These same words are used often throughout the play, especially hate and betrayed and give us great sharpness into the total fury and single mindedness of Medeas later actions. Jasons words, on the other hand, help us realize just how disconnected he is. He is, as the chorus line says ignorant beyond pity. Jason thinks he is being generous, and he somehow thinks leaving his wife for a younger woman makes him her advocate. Eurypides carefully emphasizes the scene where the children are slaughtered by having it be the only time we hear them speak. They are on stage for many scenes, but they never do anything but watch, silent and obedient tour their family falls apart somewhat them. When they finally speak, it is because it is their only look forward to of saving themselves it is too late for their family. They cry out, with young innocent voices, pleading for help in what is perhaps the most tense moment of the play.This tension is further heightened by the fact that the audience cannot see what is hazard, they can only hear it. They are oblige to rely on sound alone, and that sound for those few lines becomes the only thing that matters. One almost wants to watch Medea kill her children just to know what is actually happening behind that door instead of being denied perhaps our most important sense sight. The audience becomes blind to the action of the play, as Medea has embraced her blind rage. Social ImplicationsIn the last lines of Medea, Euripides uses the verbal interaction between Jason and Medea to show a reversal in the stereotypical gender shares of the time. Although Medea is a goddess, she represents a strong, unyielding female role that has power over her male counterpart in their relationshi p. Moments before the final grand spectacle, a distraught, weakened Jason is powerless to the will of Medea. He raises his voice (indicative of his losing all authority and pathetically lashing out for some form control) and demands that he be allowed to have his children back.Yet Madea is unwavering and persistent. Unlike Jason, she wastes no words and provides a simple, rational-sounding centre that reflects her supremacy. This kind of social commentary is interesting because women, who were rarely awarded the liberties of men at the time, were allowed to attend the plays at the Dionysus festival. It is possible that Euripides was sending a subtle message of hope and pride to all of the oppressed female members of his audience. DialectEuripides was celebrated for his simplistic use of language which reflects a more realistic dialogue in the characters expressions. Although he did not win as many first place awards as Sophocles or Aeschylus at the Dionysus festivals, his work was popular to an audience which was able to recognize their consume dialects and accents on stage. Unlike other tragedies of his time, Euripidess work was not diluted by unrealistic, grandiose phraseology which often had a deleterious effect on the listeners information and ability to interprate the plays.Physical Realities of Sound in antediluvian Greek Theater Ancient Greek theaters were specially constructed to perfectly suit the art which they housed (although without roofs). The multi-thousand-seat theaters were built into hilsides to allow for marginal construction and also excellent accoustics. In todays theater, sound is almost always electronically amplified to permit better hearing by the audience, but not having this as an option, these grecian temples had to be constructed perfectly.By encircling the orchestra with a mathematically perfected design of wooden or stone benches, sloping upwards away from the performance, the antiquated architects just about mimiced the w ay that sound travels as it spreads. This near-perfect acoustical environment allowed the actors voices to travel all the way to the last row of seats. Also, the Skene buidling which stood behind the orchestra may have assisted in the amplification by reflecting voices and sound towards the thousands of audience members.This arrangement meant that the words which were spoken and sounds of music and dancing were clear such that their importance could be heard accurately. The theaters of Ancient Greece enormous, when, for example, the nearest seat was almost 10 meters away from the performer, large movements and loud voices were critical to conveying the full story. As such, it is widely accepted that the performers would put on very simple, plain masks which made their facial features more clear and obvious for the audience to see.Some theater historians assert that these masks also had a type of megaphone built in for amplification, although this address is disputed. In conjuncti on with their enlarged faces, the performers were often on stilts and wearing heavy robes of fabric to accurately convey their character. These amendments to their body meant that every move they made and every sound they created needed to be worth it. There was no stage whispering in this theater which limited but also inspired Euripides to make unnecessary plays with more dynamic and complex plotlines, ones filled with action and confrontation to futher add to the experience.In addition, the chorus of some twelve men (playing women in Medea) would constantly dance around the orchestra (derived from the Greek term for dancing) during their scenes. The dancing was entertaining but also allowed the group to spread around the wealth so to speak of their odes, so that all efficacy be privy to hearing their sound and seeing their dance. VI. Spectacle The Greatest Spectacle After the extraordinary hardships which Medea faces throughout the play, we come across the ending when she appea rs in a move chariot, rising above the house. The bodies of the two children are visible in the chariot. Interestingly, over the past 1570 lines of the play, the stage directions are almost never this specific or elaborate. show that Euripides has literally saved the best for last, perhaps to shamelessly present a big ending, the rising chariot is the epitome of spectacle in this play. Although there would be no such chariot in the ancient theaters, it is likely that Medea herself would be lifted from the stage level by the deus ex machina (literally, god machine) and the childens bodies would be thrust forrad on a rolling wagon from the skene in the rear of the orchestra.By creating such a spectacle, Euripides also highlights the importance of this event Medea has killed her own childen in order to discharge them from the terror of the world which has been created for them. Her actions display her insanity, and her relentless pursuit of revenge against Jason. Setting and Costum es The unique Greek theaters which seated many thousands called for very simplistic yet very clear design choices. Instead of elaborate costumes, the performers would wear large bold costumes which allowed even the farthest spectator to be clear on who is who.Due to the widely declare three-actor rule (whereby three actors played the roles of all the characters in a play) the costume and mask changes would need to immediately reflect differing characters. It is also widely accepted that the performers would wear a type of stilts to make them larger than life leading to two interpretations the actors could be better seen and heard when higher, but also became almost godlike or unrealistically large- adding to the spectacle of this world. Entrances and ExitsIn the rear of the orchestra section was the Skene, a large construct which served as a universal setting for Greek Theater. The sometimes elaborate building would generally have a major door in the center (for palace settings) a s well as machines which hoisted actors above the orchestra section. Some characters may have entered this way, but most, including the chorus, would enter on ramps adjacent to the orchestra area. These eisodoi or parodoi would be used for entrances by characters such as a messenger or soldier. How did the actors moveSimply, the actors locomote in large, overstated motions. In order to make the play as clear as possible for the large audiences, subtlety was not an option for the ancient Greeks. But what this also meant for the performance was that the plot had to be appropriately planned for this style of acting. Performers carried out sometimes-long speeches with highly clear emotional intent. This style is a all important(p) part of Medea. As the plot continues and Medeas situation worsens, emotions become increasingly polar and disjointed, making clear the protagonist and antagonists intentions.

A Summary of Marketing Myopia Essay

AbstractThis document summarizes the work of Theodore Levitt in his work published in The Harvard Business Review titled Marketing Myopia. Levitts work details the reasons increase industries are actually not that at all, and how organizations fail crossways the globe in regards to marketing. In addition, the document will correlate Levitts work in 1960 to contemporary marketing.Keyword Theodore Levitt, marketing improvidence, contemporary marketingA synopsis of Marketing MyopiaMarketing Myopia by Theodore Levitt was published by Harvard Business Review in the summer of 1960. According to Levitt (1960), all industries are growth industries and the failure of industries is not because of marketing saturation, still because of management. Levitt uses the oil industry, automobile industry, transportation industry, and electronics industry to support that notion. In addition, Levitt details how population has no effect on business success. Lastly, Levitt summaries what is necessary to avoid the marketing myopia syndrome from an overview.Levitt opens his work by point out that failure is at the top. In a more specific response, failure of the organization rest on the top executives who are responsible for broad aims and policies (Levitt, 1960). To support his whim, Levitt utilized the railroad track and Hollywood movie companies as examples. Levitt explains the railroad did not fail because passenger and freight transportation declined, but because the railroad failed to supply the customers need (Levitt, 1960). Levitt continues with Hollywood explaining that they did not fail because TV shows they failed because management classified advertisement them as the movie business instead of the entertainment business (Levitt, 1960). Levitt continues to support his notion by indicating what saved Hollywood. Levitt explains, it was not aresurgence of customers to the movie industry, but in fact was a surge of young new writers.Levitt continues the explanation of M arketing Myopia by ruling out the population myth. According to Levitt (1960), the idea that profits are assured by and expanding and more affluent population is dear to every industry. However Levitt continues by indicating that this myth is undergoing a fundamental even typical change (Levitt, 1960). The population myth attempts to explain that if large quantities of people need the product then product development to replace the current specific is not necessary. According to Levitt (1960), the petroleum industrys efforts have focused on improving the efficiency of getting and making its product, not really on improving the generic product or its marketing. Therefore, the petroleum industry owes its continued success to other product developments.In order to avoid marketing myopia companies must make four steps. To begin they must adapt to the requirements of the market, and the faster the better. Second, the company must employ a vigorous leader whose vision and father set th e pace for the company. Third, the entire organization must be customer creating and customer satisfying organizations. Lastly, the company must think of itself as buying customers. coeval marketing focuses on the needs of the buyer versus the seller. Levitts work with Marketing Myopia relates directly to that point. Businesses are no longer able to sit foul and enjoy continued market growth. They must focus on the buyers needs and at the same time take necessary steps to make its proclaim products obsolete. Furthermore, business must focus on what industry they place their product, as with the railroad being in the railroad business rather than the transportation business.In conclusion, Theodore Levitt published Marketing Myopia in the 1960 edition of the Harvard Business Review. The article explains how companies fall to the extinction list in relatively short time periods or are revived by other companies whose product relies on theirs. Levitt explains the four steps companies must take to ensure they do not catch the shortsighted views.ReferencesLevitt, T. (1960). Marketing Myopia. Harvard Business Review, 138-149.

Bother and Harmonium

Jonah Dusauzay Harmonium and Brothers The most obvious similarity of Harmonium and Brothers is that they have no rhyme scheme, which is a very commonalty practice in contemporary poems and makes the writing feel less restrictive and much more human.In the two poems the description of the relationship is actually explained at the utmost stanza while the previous stanza appears to set the scene and happen to reflect the speakers thoughts, such as how the harmonium in Harmonium has soft wood case and yellow the fingernails of its keys which is actually explaining the sons deep down worries of how his father is slowly ageing Harmonium appears to have a somewhat nostalgic and worried aroma compared to Brothers more regretful tone this is due to the storyteller in Harmonium appearing to be struggling to come to terms with the fact that his father give eventually leave him, and when his father does point this out he is too starved of breath which shows both the closeness of the relation ship and the love the narrator has for his father. Brothers is a complete opposite of this, with the poem being written in second person it makes the narrator appear to be reflecting on the past there is a sense of deep regret in the writing also, as the writer explains how he is unable to close the distance. Id set in work which may reflect the narrator recalling a childhood memory about his brother that he is now estranged from.Both in Harmonium and Brothers the use of tomography is prevalent, in Brothers the use of tomography is shown from the start with the way the narrator describes how he is Saddled with his younger brother , which makes the reader appear resent the fact that he has to be with him. The use of imagery in Brothers is also used to reflect the characters contrasting emotions through the choice of verbs, were the younger brother skipped and is spouting six division old views shows the jubilance and enthusiasm of being with his older brother, yet the older broth er sighs and strolls showing he is quite annoyed and irritated of his brothers presence.Harmoniums use of imagery is more metaphorical than Brothers, it is used to reflect the past with the intricate details of the harmonium being described as having smokers fingers and how the organists feet has worn down the treadles showing an connector with the past and a possible longing for it , so that he can have more time with his father . Harmonium and Brothers both have an rule theme of inevitability, with the worry the son has in Harmonium of his father dying and in Brothers the inevitability of the two brother drifting apart is shown by how the narrator is unable to close the distance. Id set in motion which is due to the fact the narrator is three years older than his brother and seems to guide his friends over his own sibling.

Integrity Essay

Morals ricochet both the being you strive to become and the individual you truly are. The value morals stand up in both society and our own minds are vastly immoderate. The degree to which we hold ourselves to our own moral determines our justness. An adherence to a code of moral or artistic values, incorruptibility, is whats known as integrity. A lack of integrity is often recalled far longer than actions within integral standings. Both John Proctor, from The crucible, and Ed Murrow, of Good Night, and Good Luck, share this admirable trait to a great extent.I look for a lot of things in people before I fully bring them into my life. Those whose decisions have a kind of inner uniformity and integrity that makes them morally unassailable, those who I can trust. I want to associate myself with a person who I know would never betray me and always do whats right, because if not your word than what have you? I define integrity as holding true to your own beliefs and standards. Living your life in a way that makes you proud or content is crucial, as John and Ed lived.The Crucible showed a large variation of characters with an even more significant variant of personalities. John Proctor was accused of witchcraft after a cruel manhunt plagued with lies and deception. His integrity was highlighted throughout the play, for example, when he confessed to the sin of adultery to save his wife. In another instance, John agrees to save his life and confess to witchcraft by post his realise on the church, but when it comes to it, he cannot, Because it is my comprise Because I cannot have another in my whole life Because I lie and sign myself to lies Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of those who hang How many may live without my name? I have given you my soul leave me my name (Miller 1166). His integrity could not allow him to sacrifice the identities of those close to him. He gave his existence to preserve the integrity he made for his name. John Proctor was a unselfish man of pure integrity.Ed Murrow also shared those qualities. The film Good Night, and Good Luck tells the story of McCarthyism, Joseph McCarthy used the fear of communism to wrongly dawdle citizens. Ed Murrow is the host of Good Night, and Good Luck on CBS. He sees the wrong in McCarthys actions and decides to take a standand tell the usual his view. His entire career is in jeopardy, even himself exposing the lies of his profession for justice, We have currently a built-in allergy to unpleasant or disturbing information. Our mass media reflect this. But unless we get up off our fat surpluses and recognize that television in the main is being used to distract, delude, amuse, and insulate us, then television and those who finance it, those who look at it, and those who work at it, may see a totally different picture too late. (Good Night, and Good Luck). Ed Murrow risked everything he had and dictate so much energy into doing what is right. He is a perfect image of integ rity.Bothe John Proctor and Ed Murrow were sources of moral value and integrity. Integrity is doing what is right, what is honest and true, and that is just now what they did. John and Ed are both people we should try to learn from and look up to.

Arvind Pandey Caught in Business Web Essay

Arvind Pandey is a project manager at Al Saba Construction fellowship in Muscat. It s a flourishing company with several construction projects in Muscat and abroad. It is known for completing projects on time and with high sum construction. The companys Chairman is a rich and a highly educated Omani. A German engineer is Arvinds Vice President for urban and foreign construction projects. Three months ago, Al Saba had submitted a tender for a major construction project in capital of Kuwait. Its quotation was for $ 25 million. In Kuwait the project was sponsored and announced by a US based construction company called Fuma. According to Al Saba, their bid of $ 25 million was modest precisely had included a high margin of profit. On 25 April, Arvind was asked to go to Kuwait to find out from the Fuma project manager the status of their construction proposal. Arvind was gay to know that Fuma had decided to give his company, (Al Saba) the construction project work.The project meant a lot of effort and money in planning the proposed construction in Kuwait. alone before Arvind could tank the Fuma project manager, he was told that their bird should be raised to $ 28 million. Arvind was surprised. He tried to convince the Fuma project manager that his (Arvind company had the phloem reputation for doing construction work in a cost effective way. However, he could always raise the bid by $ 3 million. But he cherished to know why he was required to do so. The Fuma managers reply was, Thats the way we do our business in this bug out of the world, $ 1 million will go to our Managing Director in the US, I shall get $ 1 million, you, Mr. Pandey, will get $ 1 million in a specified account in Swiss Bank. Arvind asked, But why me?So that you never talk about it to any one. The Fuma Project Manager said. Arvind promised never to let on it out to any one else. And he tried to bargain to raise the bid by $ 2 million. For Arvind was familiar with the practice of pay offs involved in any such thing. He thought it was against his loyalty to his company and his personal ethics. Arvind promised the Fuma project manager that the bid would be raised to $ 28 million and voguish papers would be put in. He did not want to lose the job. He came back to Muscat and kept trying to figure out how he should place the whole thing before his German Vice President. He obviously was at a loss.Questions1.Analyse the reasons for Arvind Pandeys quandary.2.Does Arvind Pandey really face a dilemma?3.In your view what should Arvind Pandey do? Should he disclose it to his German Vice President?CASE IVCompany Accepting a ContractA figurer company was negotiating a very large order with a large size club. They had a very good track record with this client. In this corporation, louvre different departments had pooled their requirements and budgets. A committee was formed which had representation from all the departments. The corporation wanted the equipment on a long lease a nd not outright purchase. Further, they wanted the entire hardware and software form one supplier. This meant that there should be bought out items from many suppliers since no one supplier could meet all the requirements of add up from its range of products. The corporation provided an exhaustive list of very difficult terms and conditions and pressurized the vendors to accept.The figurer company who was finally awarded the contract had concur to overall terms that were exquisitely as far as their own products were concerned but had also current the same terms for the brought out items. In this case, the bought out items were to be merchandise through a letter of credit. The percentage of the bought out items versus their own manufacture was also very high. One of the terms accepted was that the constitution would be accepted over a period of 10 days after all the hardware had been linked up and software loaded. The computer company started facing stretch forth immediate ly on supply. There were over 100 computers over a distance connected with one another with software on it. For the acceptance tests, it had been agreed that the computer company would demonstrate as a pre-requisite the features they had claimed during technical discussions. Now, as you are aware, if a Hero Honda motorcycle claims 80 km to a liter of petrol, it is under ideal test conditions and if a motorcycle from the showroom were to be tried for this test before being accepted, it would never pass the test. In corporations case, due to internal politics, thecorporation persons from one department who insisted on going exactly by the contract did not sign acceptance since the system could not meet the ideal test conditions. Further, in a classic case of, for want of a horse shoe, payment for the horse was held up, the computer company tried to get the system accepted and payment released. The system was so large that at any point of time over a period of 10 days something sma ll or the other always gave problems. But the corporation took the stand that as far as they were concerned the contracts all the way were concerned the contract clearly mentioned that the system had to be tested as a whole and not module by module.Questions1.Comment on the terms and conditions set by the corporation. 2.What factors influenced the computer companys decision to accept the contract? 3.Was it a win win agreement? Discuss?

Disadvantages fast food Essay

Fast feed is pretty controversial. It has few advantages like saving time and money, but also some drawbacks, closely of them related with ones wellness condition. The popularity of warm diet is on the rise in more and more countries of the world. Many plenty cipher it a convenient source of food especially given the fact that the modern man is always in a hurry. This character reference of food is on the watch and served very quickly and it do- nonhing be excellent for busy people or for single persons who dont have time or trust to cook. Even though it certainly comes with a bunch of advantages, there are also disadvantages of flying food which need to be considered carefully. Undoubtedly, the main advantage of dissipated food is the fact that it saves time. Home cooked meals dont only require the actual time for preparing the food, but also time spent shopping and race the dishes.Such problems simply dont exist when going for fast food. This is also an excellent cho ice for people who dont like or dont know to cook or for single people who dont feel like cooking for one. Fast food is in spades cheaper, especially for people who live on their own. When cooking for a single person, you al more or less always end up with more food than necessary. Fast food on the other hand comes at a lower price than home cooked meals. Even though the main disadvantages of fast food are health related, people on a diet croup also find good options in the menu of most fast food chains. There are salads to choose from and whole wheat breads. Some fried products also have stewed alternatives. When it comes to drinks, one can skip the sugary ones and go for fresh juices or low plenteous milk. Fortunately, fast food is not very rich in desserts, so there is no temptation. People can also sew their orders and exclude unhealthy ingredients like mayonnaise for instance.Fast food opponents argue that there are many disadvantages of fast food for the health condition o f the consumer. This graphic symbol of food is richer in salt, blubbers, oils and artificial substances than home cooked meals. This increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, obesity is on the rise and it is strongly connected with the popularity of fast food. While the personify definitely needs salt and fats, the meat of these ingredients in fast food is too in high spirits. Additionally, the cooking method of fast food usually implies frying which destroys most nutrients. The unfavorable effects of the fats, sugars, chemicals and salt in fast food are definitely enhanced by asedentary lifestyle. In most of the cases the people who eat lots of calories from fast food dont burn these calories beca design they dont exercise enough.The give is that the extra calories transform in fat and suggestion to obesity. Disadvantages of fast food are not only related with the health condition. If fast food is cheaper for a single person, things change whe n an entire family consumes such(prenominal) food regularly. Enemies of fast food also come up with the argument that eating ready to serve food reduces the quality time that a family can spend together cooking and eating. Ordering and eating in a fast food eating house is very quick and people dont take the time to enjoy food and to chat while eating.While there are undeniable benefits of fast food, there are also aspects which should cephalalgia regular consumers. As always, moderation is needed in consuming this type of food. Occasional visits at a fast food restaurant are not as harmful, especially if they are combined with plenty of physical activity. However, a sedentary lifestyle and constant consumption of fast food can lead to health problems.More than 13,000 McDonalds restaurants in the United States itself, and over 8000 KFCs in 80 countries, only goes to reflect the popularity of fast food all over the world. provender that is watchful and served quickly is termed as fast food. Such type of food suits perfectly into the fast paced life of a working individual. There is zero point more than ready-made food that a hard-working professional living in the city apart from family could ask for. However, those who are against fast food highlight the adverse effect that it has on our health. Despite all the debate ab discover the advantages and disadvantages that fast food has, the industry is flourishing. Is fast food good or bad? The most evident advantage of fast food is that it saves time.In todays fast-paced life, there is nothing better than getting a ready meal. No matter how much the chefs praise the benefits of fresh food, at the end of a hard-working day, when one returns home all tired and hungry, a pizza or a burger can be godsend. Besides the time an individual has to spend in the kitchen, cooking a meal also requires one to make a take off to the supermarket to buy the ingredients for the dish. Then there is the added effort and time consumed in washing and peeling the vegetables. All thismakes eating fast food score more preferably over cooking a meal for a busy individual. Besides time, cost saving gives fast food an edge over the meal prepared in the kitchen. If one lives alone, then it is cheaper to buy a meal at the supermarket instead of cooking it at home. Also certain fast foods like chips and burgers come pretty cheap. Fast food does raise health concerns. However, if careful, you can find some options on the menu of a fast food restaurant that could be healthier.Salads are a smart choice. Go for bread products that are made from wheat bread. Opt for lean meat. If you could choose between the fried and boiled options, order the boiled preparation. Avoid ordering carbonic drinks when you are dispositiony. Go for fruit juices, low-fat milk, diet soda. Is there anything better than plain water to quench your thirst? These days, nutrition information of the food served (and ingredients used) is displayed in the menu card. You could always resort to the make to order option that certain fast food outlets offer, where you could restrict the use of ingredients that are not healthy. As dessert does not play an important role in the fast food meal menu, you can keep yourself away from delicious and tempting sugary dishes. Usually, fast food is higher in soya, fat, sugar, oil, fried meat, salt, cheese, mayonnaise and obviously calories.The greatest disadvantage of fast food is the adverse effect that it has on ones health. It is a fact that fast food is more unhealthy than home-cooked meals, as it contains higher amounts of unwanted nutrients like salt, fat and various types of additives (artificial chemicals). It may contain harmful bacteria too. Frying destroys most of the essential nutrients from the food. Very small amounts of vegetables and fruits are normally present in fast food. Moreover, serving larger portions when most people dont need extra portions has led to several health problems. We require a small amount of salt to maintain the health of the cells and tissues. Fast food being rich in salt, adversely affects the heart health and the overall health of an individual.Such type of food is an important contributor to obesity in the American population. Obesity is on the rise, and a direct link is being cited between fast food and obesity in children. Given the sedentary lifestyle that we lead today, the excess fats and calories that we take in with fast food is not used up completely. The result is that these accumulate in our body as fat deposits that cause complications like cardiovascular diseases and other related diseases of theheart. With obesity come other problems like high blood pressure and diseases of the joints. It is like a chain reaction set off by fast food and carried forward by our unhealthy lifestyle. In fact, a recent study has shown that people who live within walking distance of a fast food restaurant are at 13% higher risk of suffe ring from strokes than those who live a considerable distance away.The greater the subprogram of people at a meal in a fast food restaurant, the larger is the bill. Eating at fast food outlets is economical only for a single person. Going out to a fast food eating joint with family once in a while wont matter much. However, frequent visits to such restaurants with ones family can become quite an expensive affair, besides being unhealthy. Fast foods joints are also being seen as a factor that is making a number of families spend less and less time together. Family meal time is something that is considered as an opportunity for all the members to come together and share their experiences.However, the fast food aggregate is quickly eating into this quality time. This is especially true about youngsters for whom a fast food centre is a good place to hang out with friends and peers. Fast food is an invention of the modern times. Ready-made food being served fast and right in front of u s is like a state of grace after a hard days work. However, like everything, it has its own pros and cons. Citing a few points about the advantages of fast food does not mean that I am denying its drawbacks. It is a fact that high amounts of fats and salt in fast food are raising concerns about their adverse effect on health. However, by making some smart choices while placing the order and also resorting to an active lifestyle, we can definitely minimize the drawbacks of fast food.

Business Studies

This avails in change magnitude productivity and power and minimization of wastage of cartridge clip/cost. Due to power ingest most of the times, Mr., force back, operates on double shift in order to terminate prat proceeds. He is able to succeed derriere but at higher cost. Mr.. Ramies main context is cost cutting . So he concentrates more on producing pricys with fewerer resources. He is unable to achieve direct labor. Mr.. Joy uses minimum resources to chives target production and is also able produce goods is at lower cost. A) In the in a higher place case twain important aspect of counseling have been highlighted, which be alike ii sides of the same coin. set those twain aspects. B) detect the linguistic rule of Payola being followed in L straighten let outers Ltd. (c ) mention the principle of payola being followed in Learners Ltd. (d) Though Mr.. Ram and Mr.. Ihram have failed to achieve some(prenominal) the aspects identified in part (a) higher up, yet they strives to achieve the same. disclose the take to be being highlighted. Answer (a) The cardinal concepts referred above argon efficiency and Effectiveness. (b) Mr.. Joy, has considered both the aspects. C ) rule of order (d) Responsibility By taking lay asideing of atomic number 53s own righteousness and striving for achieving efficiency and effectiveness. 2. forethought of EX. Ltd. Fulfills any its objective lenss and the organization is able to work in effect and efficiently. It is using environment friendly methods of production and disposing stumble the waste material either by recycle it or using the same for landfill in much(prenominal) a manner that the aquatic life is not disturbed. Thus it also appropriates employment opport unities to the disadvantaged ingredients of the clubhouse.It was also unconquerable that the remuneration payable to the disadvantaged sections Of the parliamentary law should be fair to both employees and the employer. (a) tell apart the objective of concern of EX. Ltd. Which it destiny to foregather by on-going the above activities. (b) assign the other two objectives that the centering of EX. Ltd. Should fulfill. (c ) Identify the principle of payola being referred in the above case. (d) Identify any two re determine which EX. Ltd. Wants to communicates to the high society through its above stated activities. (a) the objectives of instruction of EX. Ltd.Which is wants to fulfill by doing the above stated activities is social objective. (b) (l) make-up objectives and (II) personal objective. (c ) (l) principle of Remuneration of employees (d) (l) Sensitivity towards environment By using the waste material for cycle and landfill. (II) Responsibility By providing employment opportunities to the disadvantaged section of the society 3. Raja Ltd. Is engaged in manufacturing galvanising appliances. The conjunction has been facing lot of problems for the last few months because of chaos amid two departments two departments secret plan Production plane section for delayed production.However, Production Department blames sales Department for abject sales. The force preserve integrate the two Departments is missing. Moreover in the production department both the precaution and the workers do not collect the magnificence of from severally integrity other. in that respect is no corporation, reciprocal confidence and sense of goodwill surrounded by the managers and workers. (a) Identify the missing force in the above case. (b) Identify which principle of Taylor is being referred above. (c ) List any two take to bes which poop be cultivated among the employees by using the force identified in (a) above. A) Coordination (b) Cooperation, not Individualism (c ) (l) Cooperation By integrating all root efforts. (II) Unity By ensuring that all activities aim at accomplishment of organisational goals 4. EX. power Ltd. Set up a factory for manufacturing solar lanterns in a emote village as there was no reliable supply of electricity in campestral areas. The revenue earned by the association was change magnitude day by day, so the confederacy headstrong to increase production to generate higher sales. For this, they decided to employ people from nearby villages as rattling few chore opportunities were accessible in that area.The guild alias decided to open schools and crches for the children of its employees. (I) give away the and rationalise the objectives of solicitude discussed above. (II) State any two ranges which the companionship wanted to communicate to the society. (I) The objectives of management referred to are a) organizational objectives These refer to the utilization of sympathetic and material resources considering the interest of all stakeholders. (b) mixer objectives These refer to the creation of benefit for various constituents of the society. If an practice session has explicateed survival and gain as objectives of management kinda of organizational objectives, adequate credit is to be disposed) (II) Values which the company wanted to communicate to the society are (Any two) (a) providing employment opportunities (b) discipline Of backward regions. (c ) Providing basic amenities to employees. D )Concern for the environment. ( or any other correct value) 5. Mega Ltd. Was manufacturing water- heaters. In the depression year of its operations , the revenue earned by the company was just sufficient to meet its costs. To increases the revenue, the company analyzed the reason of less(prenominal) revenue.After abbreviation the company decided. (l) To reduce cost by shifting the manufacturing unit to a backward area where labor was available at a very low rate. (II) To place manufacturing solar water heater and reduce the production of electric water- heaters slowly. This will not only suspensor in covering the risk, but also help in meeting other objectives too. (a) Identi fy and explain the objectives of management discussed above. (b) (a) The objectives of management referred to are Organizational objectives (b) Social objectives these refer to the creation of benefit for various constituents of the society. If an example has explained survival and growth as objectives Of management instead of organizational objectives, full credit is to be addicted ) (II) Values which the company wanted to communicate to the society are (a) Providing employment opportunities (b) Development of backward regions. C ) concern for the environment. (or any other correct value) 6. AR Raman is the for the first time Indian to to win Oscar award for his composition Jaw Ho His composition of music is unusual and distinct as he has use the singing notes in a manner that is wide-cutly his own interpretation. standardised A. R Raman, Mr.. Rakes , General Manager in waving Ltd. Uses his knowledge of management in a unique and different manner. All the employees workin g(a)s chthonian his counsel are skilful and satisfied because of his port. He day-after-day rewards/ appreciates the employees for coming office on time, performing their sign(a) tasks with best of their capabilities. Moreover, Mr.. Rakes treats all his employees as fairly as possible. He does not discriminates his employees on the basis of sex, religion, caste, feel etc. (a) Identify the nature of the management highlighted above. (b) State two others shipway in which nature of management mickle be explained. C ) Identify the values that Rakes wants to in calculate in his employees . Also explain how? (a) Nature of management highlighted above is Management is an art (b) The other ways in which nature of management can be explained are (l) The Management as light and II) Management as profession. (c ) Principle of rightfulness (I) Good behavior in human interaction Because all employees working low his guidance are area prosperous and satisfied because of his behavio r. (II) Discipline/Punctuality By recognise the employees who come in t mime. (Ill) Responsibility By rewarding the employees for performing their assigned tasks . . pizza pie residence is a chain of stores making pizzas, located at different states of India. Earlier the process of making the entire Pizza was assigned to individual worker. And thus, the standard regarding taste, quality, execute etc. As not uniform and the company was not getting good response from customers. The company decided that instead of assigning the whole job of making pizza to one employee, different employees were given the task of making pizza bases, preparing toppings , baking of pizza, promotion etc. The effects of all the employees are direct towards the achievement of common organization goals.As a result, each employee has gained perfection and specialization in his job and improve his efficiency and effectiveness. It was also decided that every first of Pizza Home all over India Would auste rities first Ten baked pizzas to measly people. (a) Identify the principle of Payola being followed by pizza Home. OR Identify and explain the principle of management being followed Pizza Home. (b )latently the feature of management being referred above. (c ) Identify the value being referred above. (a) Division fork (b) Management is a Goal oriented process (c ) obeisance towards the poor By distributing first ten baked pizzas to poor people. . Tanya Sahara and Salaam Khan, having same educational qualifications, are working as Managers in Alfa Ltd. The management of Alpha Ltd. Enables it to provide better quality goods services generating employment opportunities, change magnitude wealth of nation etc. Tanya Sahara belongs to a folksy area where employment opportunities area very less whereas Salaam Khan belongs to an urban area Ignoring umteen other differences amid the two, management of Alfa Ltd. Appointed whence as Assistant Manager, On the same requital packages of RS I. 45,000 per month. A) expose and legal briefly explain the principle of management being followed in the above case. (b) identify the value which Management of Alfa Ltd. Wants to communicate to the society. C ) identify the value which management of Alfa Ltd. Wants to communicate to the society. (a) Principle of Equity (l) the principle of equity implies that similar treatment is SSL_Jeered to employees in similar positions. (II) accord to this principle, managers should be fair and impartial while dealings with their subordinates and there should be no discrimination on the basic of sex, religion, language, caste, belief, nationality etc. Ill) Equity is essential to become and maintain cordial relations between a manger and his subordinates. (b) Management helps in Development of the Society. C ) Equity By not discriminating on the basis of gender, Caste, religion region and sex & providing equalise opportunities to grow. 9. Zee Ltd. Was not performing well. After luxuriant analysis it was discovered that workers of the production department were not satisfied with the behavior of Mr.. Jay the production Manager as workers were forced to work for long hours withtaboo any rest.Keeping this in view this the management decided his M. B. A from MM Mandated. Mr.. Ajar analyzed the work which involved sour manual labor. He allowed little pauses to the workers so that they could charge their energy for optimum contribution. He also conducted a detailed analysis on the environment in which the business exist and thus he used to change the goals, plans, policies consort to the unavoidably of the environment. (a) Name the proficiency of scientific management adopted by Mr.. Ajar. (b) He further desires to find out the best ways of doing a job.Suggest him the technique of scientific Management. (c ) Identify the feature of management being referred above. (d) State the Values which Mr.. Ajar want to communicates to the society by allowing small pauses to wo rkers. (a) Fatigue field of force (b) Method study. (c ) Management is Dynamic Function d) Respect towards employees/ worldism/ Sympathy 10. NNE of the principles Of scientific management emphasis that there should be a have it off moral revolution on the part of both management and workers. Workers and managers should know the importance of each other.Both the groups should good understanding between them. (a) Name and explain the principle of scientific management involved above. (b) Fool accent team tactual sensation Of hotshot and harmony among employees. Name and explain the principle. (c ) Name the common values evince in (a) and (b) above. (a) consistency not discord Taylor has emphasized that there should be complete harmony between the workers and the management since if there is any conflict between the two, it will not be beneficial either for the workers or the management.Hence, both management and workers should realize the importance of each other. (b) E spiri t De corps jibe to Fool, Management should promote team spirit of unity and harmony among employees. In order to achieve organizational objectives, Management should promote team work and coordination. (c ) (l) Harmony (II) Cooperation 1 1 -One of the principles of scientific Management emphasizes that to energize he employees learn the best method Of production, knowledge to workers is essential.It further emphasizes that each person should be scientifically selected and the work assigned to the employees should suit their physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. (a) Name and explain the principle of scientific management involved. (b) Name the principle of scientific management which is concerned with selecting the best way of performing a job through application of scientific analysis and not by intuition or take a crap and trial methods. (c ) Name the value emphasized by following the principles in part (a) above. ) Development of each and every person to his or g reatest efficiency and ability. Taylor emphasized that to attain efficiency, steps should be taken right from the Efficient employees produce more to earn more. (b) Science not rule of thumb. (c ) (l) Growth for all (II) Prosperity for workers and company 12. Shanghais ( a foreman of hairsbreadth Ltd. ) is given the responsibility of meeting production target of 1 ,OHO TV. Sets in a month. The target can be completed by placing 100 workers under him. Presently, only 80 workers are working under him.He is not giver the authority to employ 20 more workers. Hair Ltd. Fulfills financial needs, social needs and higher level needs of these employees. As a result, he fails to meet the target. (a) Which principle of Payola is not utilise here? Or Which principle is being violate in the above case. (b) Explain in brief the principle which should be applied in the above case. (c ) Identify the objective of management being referred above. (a) office staff and Responsibility (b) there sho uld be balance between authority and responsibility.If an employee has been assigned any responsibility, he moldiness be given sufficient authority to do his job efficiently. (c ) Personal Objectives. 3. Ship enterprises is a small organization manufacturing cloth and jute bags. It follows the functional organizational structure. There is separate department for finance, marketing production and Human resource. These departments are well co- ordinate there is a congenial work environment and employees are happy and satisfied . The employees and encouraged to develop and carry out plans for improvements in the organization leading to a touch sensation of ownership among them.Besides, the company provides nutritious and sanitary eat tit its staff and a good foundling hospital facilities for its employees children. A) Name any one feature and one principle of management highlighted in the above case. (b) Identify any two values which Ship Enterprises wants to (l) Management is an in tangible force (II) Initiative (b) Fulfilling social responsibility/ Concern for the health of the employees By providing nutritious and hygienic lunch to all the staff and creche installment for the children of its employees 14. BBC Ltd.Was involved in business of manufacturing leather and merchandising products under a famous brand X workers worked according to their past experiences as per the traditional methods. To meet the increasing demand or its product, and in order to keep the market share, the existing workforce was instructed to analyses their work scientifically work overtime, which resulted in galore(postnominal) problems. The department, which was previously producing one theatrical role Of product, was asked to produce more than one type of products which leads to overlapping and wastage.Small jobs were combined into bigger jobs. The efficiency of workers declined due to increased workload . At times, the workers worked under many superiors and everything in the factory got misplaced due to burden of many persons, which caused hindrance to the activities. This reduced the team spirit among the workers. Lowered their morale as they felt cheated and indiscipline was induced. Intelligent employees stopped themselves to develop & carry out plans for improvements. Resultantly, Quality of products declined and market share decreased.Business StudiesThis helps in increasing productivity and efficiency and minimization of wastage of time/cost. Due to power feature most of the times, Mr., Ram, operates on double shift in order to complete target production. He is able to achieve target but at higher cost. Mr.. Ramies main consideration is cost cutting . So he concentrates more on producing goods with fewer resources. He is unable to achieve target production. Mr.. Joy uses minimum resources to chives target production and is also able produce goods is at lower cost. A) In the above case two important aspect of management have been highlighted, wh ich are alike two sides of the same coin. Identify those two aspects. B) Identify the principle of Payola being followed in Learners Ltd. (c ) Identify the principle of payola being followed in Learners Ltd. (d) Though Mr.. Ram and Mr.. Ihram have failed to achieve both the aspects identified in part (a) above, yet they strives to achieve the same. Identify the value being highlighted. Answer (a) The two concepts referred above are efficiency and Effectiveness. (b) Mr.. Joy, has considered both the aspects. C ) Principle of order (d) Responsibility By taking care of ones own responsibility and striving for achieving efficiency and effectiveness. 2. Management of EX. Ltd. Fulfills all its objectives and the organization is able to work effectively and efficiently. It is using environment friendly methods of production and disposing off the waste material either by recycling it or using the same for landfill in such a manner that the aquatic life is not disturbed. Thus it also provi des employment opportunities to the disadvantaged sections of the society.It was also decided that the remuneration payable to the disadvantaged sections Of the society should be fair to both employees and the employer. (a) Identify the objective of Management of EX. Ltd. Which it want to fulfill by ongoing the above activities. (b) State the other two objectives that the management of EX. Ltd. Should fulfill. (c ) Identify the principle of payola being referred in the above case. (d) Identify any two values which EX. Ltd. Wants to communicates to the society through its above stated activities. (a) the objectives of management of EX. Ltd.Which is wants to fulfill by doing the above stated activities is social objective. (b) (l) Organization objectives and (II) personal objective. (c ) (l) principle of Remuneration of employees (d) (l) Sensitivity towards Environment By using the waste material for cycling and landfill. (II) Responsibility By providing employment opportunities to t he disadvantaged section of the society 3. Raja Ltd. Is engaged in manufacturing electrical appliances. The company has been facing lot of problems for the last few months because of chaos between two departments two departments biz Production Department for delayed production.However, Production Department blames sales Department for poor sales. The force can integrate the two Departments is missing. Moreover in the production department both the management and the workers do not realize the importance of each other. There is no corporation, Mutual confidence and sense of goodwill between the managers and workers. (a) Identify the missing force in the above case. (b) Identify which principle of Taylor is being referred above. (c ) List any two values which can be cultivated among the employees by using the force identified in (a) above. A) Coordination (b) Cooperation, Not Individualism (c ) (l) Cooperation By integrating all group efforts. (II) Unity By ensuring that all activi ties aim at accomplishment of organizational goals 4. EX. power Ltd. Set up a factory for manufacturing solar lanterns in a emote village as there was no reliable supply of electricity in rural areas. The revenue earned by the company was Increasing day by day, so the company decided to increase production to generate higher sales. For this, they decided to employ people from nearby villages as very few job opportunities were available in that area.The company alias decided to open schools and crches for the children of its employees. (I) identify the and explain the objectives of management discussed above. (II) State any two values which the company wanted to communicate to the society. (I) The objectives of management referred to are a) organizational objectives These refer to the utilization of human and material resources considering the interest of all stakeholders. (b)Social objectives These refer to the creation of benefit for various constituents of the society. If an examp le has explained survival and growth as objectives of management instead of organizational objectives, full credit is to be given) (II) Values which the company wanted to communicate to the society are (Any two) (a) providing employment opportunities (b) Development Of backward regions. (c ) Providing basic amenities to employees. D )Concern for the environment. ( or any other correct value) 5. Mega Ltd. Was manufacturing water- heaters. In the first year of its operations , the revenue earned by the company was just sufficient to meet its costs. To increases the revenue, the company analyzed the reason of less revenue.After analysis the company decided. (l) To reduce cost by shifting the manufacturing unit to a backward area where labor was available at a very low rate. (II) To start manufacturing solar water heater and reduce the production of electric water- heaters slowly. This will not only help in covering the risk, but also help in meeting other objectives too. (a) Identify and explain the objectives of management discussed above. (b) (a) The objectives of management referred to are Organizational objectives (b) Social objectives these refer to the creation of benefit for various constituents of the society. If an example has explained survival and growth as objectives Of management instead of organizational objectives, full credit is to be given ) (II) Values which the company wanted to communicate to the society are (a) Providing employment opportunities (b) Development of backward regions. C ) concern for the environment. (or any other correct value) 6. AR Raman is the first Indian to to win Oscar award for his composition Jaw Ho His composition of music is unique and different as he has used the singing notes in a manner that is entirely his own interpretation. Like A. R Raman, Mr.. Rakes , General Manager in wave Ltd. Uses his knowledge of management in a unique and different manner. All the employees working under his guidance are happy and sati sfied because of his behavior. He everyday rewards/ appreciates the employees for coming office on time, performing their signed tasks with best of their capabilities. Moreover, Mr.. Rakes treats all his employees as fairly as possible. He does not discriminates his employees on the basis of sex, religion, caste, belief etc. (a) Identify the nature of the management highlighted above. (b) State two others ways in which nature of management can be explained. C ) Identify the values that Rakes wants to in calculate in his employees . Also explain how? (a) Nature of management highlighted above is Management is an art (b) The other ways in which nature of management can be explained are (l) The Management as science and II) Management as profession. (c ) Principle of equity (I) Good behavior in human interaction Because all employees working under his guidance are area happy and satisfied because of his behavior. (II) Discipline/Punctuality By rewarding the employees who come in t mi me. (Ill) Responsibility By rewarding the employees for performing their assigned tasks . . Pizza Home is a chain of stores making pizzas, located at different states of India. Earlier the process of making the entire Pizza was assigned to individual worker. And thus, the standard regarding taste, quality, shape etc. As not uniform and the company was not getting good response from customers. The company decided that instead of assigning the whole job of making pizza to one employee, different employees were given the task of making pizza bases, preparing toppings , baking of pizza, packaging etc. The effects of all the employees are directed towards the achievement of common organization goals.As a result, each employee has gained perfection and specialization in his job and improved his efficiency and effectiveness. It was also decided that every branch of Pizza Home all over India Would austerities first Ten baked pizzas to poor people. (a) Identify the principle of Payola being followed by pizza Home. OR Identify and explain the principle of management being followed Pizza Home. (b )latently the feature of management being referred above. (c ) Identify the value being referred above. (a) Division fork (b) Management is a Goal oriented process (c ) Respect towards the poor By distributing first ten baked pizzas to poor people. . Tanya Sahara and Salaam Khan, having same educational qualifications, are working as Managers in Alfa Ltd. The management of Alpha Ltd. Enables it to provide better quality goods services generating employment opportunities, increasing wealth of nation etc. Tanya Sahara belongs to a rural area where employment opportunities area very less whereas Salaam Khan belongs to an urban area Ignoring many other differences between the two, management of Alfa Ltd. Appointed then as Assistant Manager, On the same salary packages of RSI. 45,000 per month. A) Name and briefly explain the principle of management being followed in the above case. (b) identify the value which Management of Alfa Ltd. Wants to communicate to the society. C ) identify the value which management of Alfa Ltd. Wants to communicate to the society. (a) Principle of Equity (l) the principle of equity implies that similar treatment is SSL_Jeered to employees in similar positions. (II) According to this principle, managers should be fair and impartial while dealing with their subordinates and there should be no discrimination on the basic of sex, religion, language, caste, belief, nationality etc. Ill) Equity is essential to create and maintain cordial relations between a manger and his subordinates. (b) Management helps in Development of the Society. C ) Equity By not discriminating on the basis of gender, Caste, religion region and sex & providing equal opportunities to grow. 9. Zee Ltd. Was not performing well. After detailed analysis it was discovered that workers of the production department were not satisfied with the behavior of Mr.. Jay the pro duction Manager as workers were forced to work for long hours without any rest.Keeping this in view this the management decided his M. B. A from MM Mandated. Mr.. Ajar analyzed the work which involved heavy manual labor. He allowed small pauses to the workers so that they could recharge their energy for optimum contribution. He also conducted a detailed analysis on the environment in which the business exist and thus he used to change the goals, plans, policies according to the needs of the environment. (a) Name the technique of scientific management adopted by Mr.. Ajar. (b) He further desires to find out the best ways of doing a job.Suggest him the technique of scientific Management. (c ) Identify the feature of management being referred above. (d) State the Values which Mr.. Ajar want to communicates to the society by allowing small pauses to workers. (a) Fatigue study (b) Method study. (c ) Management is Dynamic Function d) Respect towards employees/Humanism/ Sympathy 10. NNE of the principles Of scientific management emphasis that there should be a complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers. Workers and managers should know the importance of each other.Both the groups should good understanding between them. (a) Name and explain the principle of scientific management involved above. (b) Fool emphasized team spirit Of unity and harmony among employees. Name and explain the principle. (c ) Name the common values emphasized in (a) and (b) above. (a) Harmony not discord Taylor has emphasized that there should be complete harmony between the workers and the management since if there is any conflict between the two, it will not be beneficial either for the workers or the management.Hence, both management and workers should realize the importance of each other. (b) E spirit De corps According to Fool, Management should promote team spirit of unity and harmony among employees. In order to achieve organizational objectives, Management should promote team work and coordination. (c ) (l) Harmony (II) Cooperation 1 1 -One of the principles of scientific Management emphasizes that to make he employees learn the best method Of production, training to workers is essential.It further emphasizes that each person should be scientifically selected and the work assigned to the employees should suit their physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. (a) Name and explain the principle of scientific management involved. (b) Name the principle of scientific management which is concerned with selecting the best way of performing a job through application of scientific analysis and not by intuition or hit and trial methods. (c ) Name the value emphasized by following the principles in part (a) above. ) Development of each and every person to his or greatest efficiency and ability. Taylor emphasized that to attain efficiency, steps should be taken right from the Efficient employees produce more to earn more. (b) Science not r ule of thumb. (c ) (l) Growth for all (II) Prosperity for workers and company 12. Shanghais ( a foreman of Hair Ltd. ) is given the responsibility of meeting production target of 1 ,OHO TV. Sets in a month. The target can be completed by placing 100 workers under him. Presently, only 80 workers are working under him.He is not giver the authority to employ 20 more workers. Hair Ltd. Fulfills financial needs, social needs and higher level needs of these employees. As a result, he fails to meet the target. (a) Which principle of Payola is not applied here? Or Which principle is being violated in the above case. (b) Explain in brief the principle which should be applied in the above case. (c ) Identify the objective of management being referred above. (a) Authority and Responsibility (b) there should be balance between authority and responsibility.If an employee has been assigned any responsibility, he must be given sufficient authority to do his job efficiently. (c ) Personal Objective s. 3. Ship enterprises is a small organization manufacturing cloth and jute bags. It follows the functional organizational structure. There is separate department for finance, marketing production and Human resource. These departments are well co- ordinate there is a congenial work environment and employees are happy and satisfied . The employees and encouraged to develop and carry out plans for improvements in the organization leading to a feeling of ownership among them.Besides, the company provides nutritious and hygienic lunch tit its staff and a good creche facilities for its employees children. A) Name any one feature and one principle of management highlighted in the above case. (b) Identify any two values which Ship Enterprises wants to (l) Management is an intangible force (II) Initiative (b) Fulfilling social responsibility/ Concern for the health of the employees By providing nutritious and hygienic lunch to all the staff and creche facility for the children of its emplo yees 14. BBC Ltd.Was involved in business of manufacturing leather and selling products under a famous brand X workers worked according to their past experiences as per the traditional methods. To meet the increasing demand or its product, and in order to keep the market share, the existing workforce was instructed to analyses their work scientifically work overtime, which resulted in many problems. The department, which was previously producing one type Of product, was asked to produce more than one type of products which leads to overlapping and wastage.Small jobs were combined into bigger jobs. The efficiency of workers declined due to increased workload . At times, the workers worked under many superiors and everything in the factory got misplaced due to interference of many persons, which caused hindrance to the activities. This reduced the team spirit among the workers. Lowered their morale as they felt cheated and indiscipline was induced. Intelligent employees stopped themse lves to develop & carry out plans for improvements. Resultantly, Quality of products declined and market share decreased.Business StudiesThis helps in increasing productivity and efficiency and minimization of wastage of time/cost. Due to power feature most of the times, Mr., Ram, operates on double shift in order to complete target production. He is able to achieve target but at higher cost. Mr.. Ramies main consideration is cost cutting . So he concentrates more on producing goods with fewer resources. He is unable to achieve target production. Mr.. Joy uses minimum resources to chives target production and is also able produce goods is at lower cost. A) In the above case two important aspect of management have been highlighted, which are alike two sides of the same coin. Identify those two aspects. B) Identify the principle of Payola being followed in Learners Ltd. (c ) Identify the principle of payola being followed in Learners Ltd. (d) Though Mr.. Ram and Mr.. Ihram have failed to achieve both the aspects identified in part (a) above, yet they strives to achieve the same. Identify the value being highlighted. Answer (a) The two concepts referred above are efficiency and Effectiveness. (b) Mr.. Joy, has considered both the aspects. C ) Principle of order (d) Responsibility By taking care of ones own responsibility and striving for achieving efficiency and effectiveness. 2. Management of EX. Ltd. Fulfills all its objectives and the organization is able to work effectively and efficiently. It is using environment friendly methods of production and disposing off the waste material either by recycling it or using the same for landfill in such a manner that the aquatic life is not disturbed. Thus it also provides employment opportunities to the disadvantaged sections of the society.It was also decided that the remuneration payable to the disadvantaged sections Of the society should be fair to both employees and the employer. (a) Identify the objective of Mana gement of EX. Ltd. Which it want to fulfill by ongoing the above activities. (b) State the other two objectives that the management of EX. Ltd. Should fulfill. (c ) Identify the principle of payola being referred in the above case. (d) Identify any two values which EX. Ltd. Wants to communicates to the society through its above stated activities. (a) the objectives of management of EX. Ltd.Which is wants to fulfill by doing the above stated activities is social objective. (b) (l) Organization objectives and (II) personal objective. (c ) (l) principle of Remuneration of employees (d) (l) Sensitivity towards Environment By using the waste material for cycling and landfill. (II) Responsibility By providing employment opportunities to the disadvantaged section of the society 3. Raja Ltd. Is engaged in manufacturing electrical appliances. The company has been facing lot of problems for the last few months because of chaos between two departments two departments biz Production Department for delayed production.However, Production Department blames sales Department for poor sales. The force can integrate the two Departments is missing. Moreover in the production department both the management and the workers do not realize the importance of each other. There is no corporation, Mutual confidence and sense of goodwill between the managers and workers. (a) Identify the missing force in the above case. (b) Identify which principle of Taylor is being referred above. (c ) List any two values which can be cultivated among the employees by using the force identified in (a) above. A) Coordination (b) Cooperation, Not Individualism (c ) (l) Cooperation By integrating all group efforts. (II) Unity By ensuring that all activities aim at accomplishment of organizational goals 4. EX. power Ltd. Set up a factory for manufacturing solar lanterns in a emote village as there was no reliable supply of electricity in rural areas. The revenue earned by the company was Increasing day by day, so the company decided to increase production to generate higher sales. For this, they decided to employ people from nearby villages as very few job opportunities were available in that area.The company alias decided to open schools and crches for the children of its employees. (I) identify the and explain the objectives of management discussed above. (II) State any two values which the company wanted to communicate to the society. (I) The objectives of management referred to are a) organizational objectives These refer to the utilization of human and material resources considering the interest of all stakeholders. (b)Social objectives These refer to the creation of benefit for various constituents of the society. If an example has explained survival and growth as objectives of management instead of organizational objectives, full credit is to be given) (II) Values which the company wanted to communicate to the society are (Any two) (a) providing employment opportunities (b ) Development Of backward regions. (c ) Providing basic amenities to employees. D )Concern for the environment. ( or any other correct value) 5. Mega Ltd. Was manufacturing water- heaters. In the first year of its operations , the revenue earned by the company was just sufficient to meet its costs. To increases the revenue, the company analyzed the reason of less revenue.After analysis the company decided. (l) To reduce cost by shifting the manufacturing unit to a backward area where labor was available at a very low rate. (II) To start manufacturing solar water heater and reduce the production of electric water- heaters slowly. This will not only help in covering the risk, but also help in meeting other objectives too. (a) Identify and explain the objectives of management discussed above. (b) (a) The objectives of management referred to are Organizational objectives (b) Social objectives these refer to the creation of benefit for various constituents of the society. If an example has explained survival and growth as objectives Of management instead of organizational objectives, full credit is to be given ) (II) Values which the company wanted to communicate to the society are (a) Providing employment opportunities (b) Development of backward regions. C ) concern for the environment. (or any other correct value) 6. AR Raman is the first Indian to to win Oscar award for his composition Jaw Ho His composition of music is unique and different as he has used the singing notes in a manner that is entirely his own interpretation. Like A. R Raman, Mr.. Rakes , General Manager in wave Ltd. Uses his knowledge of management in a unique and different manner. All the employees working under his guidance are happy and satisfied because of his behavior. He everyday rewards/ appreciates the employees for coming office on time, performing their signed tasks with best of their capabilities. Moreover, Mr.. Rakes treats all his employees as fairly as possible. He does not discr iminates his employees on the basis of sex, religion, caste, belief etc. (a) Identify the nature of the management highlighted above. (b) State two others ways in which nature of management can be explained. C ) Identify the values that Rakes wants to in calculate in his employees . Also explain how? (a) Nature of management highlighted above is Management is an art (b) The other ways in which nature of management can be explained are (l) The Management as science and II) Management as profession. (c ) Principle of equity (I) Good behavior in human interaction Because all employees working under his guidance are area happy and satisfied because of his behavior. (II) Discipline/Punctuality By rewarding the employees who come in t mime. (Ill) Responsibility By rewarding the employees for performing their assigned tasks . . Pizza Home is a chain of stores making pizzas, located at different states of India. Earlier the process of making the entire Pizza was assigned to individual wo rker. And thus, the standard regarding taste, quality, shape etc. As not uniform and the company was not getting good response from customers. The company decided that instead of assigning the whole job of making pizza to one employee, different employees were given the task of making pizza bases, preparing toppings , baking of pizza, packaging etc. The effects of all the employees are directed towards the achievement of common organization goals.As a result, each employee has gained perfection and specialization in his job and improved his efficiency and effectiveness. It was also decided that every branch of Pizza Home all over India Would austerities first Ten baked pizzas to poor people. (a) Identify the principle of Payola being followed by pizza Home. OR Identify and explain the principle of management being followed Pizza Home. (b )latently the feature of management being referred above. (c ) Identify the value being referred above. (a) Division fork (b) Management is a Goal oriented process (c ) Respect towards the poor By distributing first ten baked pizzas to poor people. . Tanya Sahara and Salaam Khan, having same educational qualifications, are working as Managers in Alfa Ltd. The management of Alpha Ltd. Enables it to provide better quality goods services generating employment opportunities, increasing wealth of nation etc. Tanya Sahara belongs to a rural area where employment opportunities area very less whereas Salaam Khan belongs to an urban area Ignoring many other differences between the two, management of Alfa Ltd. Appointed then as Assistant Manager, On the same salary packages of RSI. 45,000 per month. A) Name and briefly explain the principle of management being followed in the above case. (b) identify the value which Management of Alfa Ltd. Wants to communicate to the society. C ) identify the value which management of Alfa Ltd. Wants to communicate to the society. (a) Principle of Equity (l) the principle of equity implies that similar treatment is SSL_Jeered to employees in similar positions. (II) According to this principle, managers should be fair and impartial while dealing with their subordinates and there should be no discrimination on the basic of sex, religion, language, caste, belief, nationality etc. Ill) Equity is essential to create and maintain cordial relations between a manger and his subordinates. (b) Management helps in Development of the Society. C ) Equity By not discriminating on the basis of gender, Caste, religion region and sex & providing equal opportunities to grow. 9. Zee Ltd. Was not performing well. After detailed analysis it was discovered that workers of the production department were not satisfied with the behavior of Mr.. Jay the production Manager as workers were forced to work for long hours without any rest.Keeping this in view this the management decided his M. B. A from MM Mandated. Mr.. Ajar analyzed the work which involved heavy manual labor. He allowed small pauses to the wo rkers so that they could recharge their energy for optimum contribution. He also conducted a detailed analysis on the environment in which the business exist and thus he used to change the goals, plans, policies according to the needs of the environment. (a) Name the technique of scientific management adopted by Mr.. Ajar. (b) He further desires to find out the best ways of doing a job.Suggest him the technique of scientific Management. (c ) Identify the feature of management being referred above. (d) State the Values which Mr.. Ajar want to communicates to the society by allowing small pauses to workers. (a) Fatigue study (b) Method study. (c ) Management is Dynamic Function d) Respect towards employees/Humanism/ Sympathy 10. NNE of the principles Of scientific management emphasis that there should be a complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers. Workers and managers should know the importance of each other.Both the groups should good understanding betwee n them. (a) Name and explain the principle of scientific management involved above. (b) Fool emphasized team spirit Of unity and harmony among employees. Name and explain the principle. (c ) Name the common values emphasized in (a) and (b) above. (a) Harmony not discord Taylor has emphasized that there should be complete harmony between the workers and the management since if there is any conflict between the two, it will not be beneficial either for the workers or the management.Hence, both management and workers should realize the importance of each other. (b) E spirit De corps According to Fool, Management should promote team spirit of unity and harmony among employees. In order to achieve organizational objectives, Management should promote team work and coordination. (c ) (l) Harmony (II) Cooperation 1 1 -One of the principles of scientific Management emphasizes that to make he employees learn the best method Of production, training to workers is essential.It further empha sizes that each person should be scientifically selected and the work assigned to the employees should suit their physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. (a) Name and explain the principle of scientific management involved. (b) Name the principle of scientific management which is concerned with selecting the best way of performing a job through application of scientific analysis and not by intuition or hit and trial methods. (c ) Name the value emphasized by following the principles in part (a) above. ) Development of each and every person to his or greatest efficiency and ability. Taylor emphasized that to attain efficiency, steps should be taken right from the Efficient employees produce more to earn more. (b) Science not rule of thumb. (c ) (l) Growth for all (II) Prosperity for workers and company 12. Shanghais ( a foreman of Hair Ltd. ) is given the responsibility of meeting production target of 1 ,OHO TV. Sets in a month. The target can be completed by placing 100 work ers under him. Presently, only 80 workers are working under him.He is not giver the authority to employ 20 more workers. Hair Ltd. Fulfills financial needs, social needs and higher level needs of these employees. As a result, he fails to meet the target. (a) Which principle of Payola is not applied here? Or Which principle is being violated in the above case. (b) Explain in brief the principle which should be applied in the above case. (c ) Identify the objective of management being referred above. (a) Authority and Responsibility (b) there should be balance between authority and responsibility.If an employee has been assigned any responsibility, he must be given sufficient authority to do his job efficiently. (c ) Personal Objectives. 3. Ship enterprises is a small organization manufacturing cloth and jute bags. It follows the functional organizational structure. There is separate department for finance, marketing production and Human resource. These departments are well co- ordina te there is a congenial work environment and employees are happy and satisfied . The employees and encouraged to develop and carry out plans for improvements in the organization leading to a feeling of ownership among them.Besides, the company provides nutritious and hygienic lunch tit its staff and a good creche facilities for its employees children. A) Name any one feature and one principle of management highlighted in the above case. (b) Identify any two values which Ship Enterprises wants to (l) Management is an intangible force (II) Initiative (b) Fulfilling social responsibility/ Concern for the health of the employees By providing nutritious and hygienic lunch to all the staff and creche facility for the children of its employees 14. BBC Ltd.Was involved in business of manufacturing leather and selling products under a famous brand X workers worked according to their past experiences as per the traditional methods. To meet the increasing demand or its product, and in order t o keep the market share, the existing workforce was instructed to analyses their work scientifically work overtime, which resulted in many problems. The department, which was previously producing one type Of product, was asked to produce more than one type of products which leads to overlapping and wastage.Small jobs were combined into bigger jobs. The efficiency of workers declined due to increased workload . At times, the workers worked under many superiors and everything in the factory got misplaced due to interference of many persons, which caused hindrance to the activities. This reduced the team spirit among the workers. Lowered their morale as they felt cheated and indiscipline was induced. Intelligent employees stopped themselves to develop & carry out plans for improvements. Resultantly, Quality of products declined and market share decreased.